Caspase

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Caspase (CASP) are cysteine-aspartic proteases which function in apoptosis, necrosis and inflammation. Twelve CASP have been identified in human. CASP is synthesized as an inactive pro-CASP with a prodomain which is being cleaved off to render them active. The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) with its baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domain is an inhibitor of CASP.

• CASP-1 (or Interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme, ICE) cleaves precursor cytokine interleukin 1-β and interleukin 18 into mature protein. See Human Caspase-1
  
• CASP-3 or (Apopain; Cysteine protease CPP32) interacts with CASP-8 and CASP-9 during cell apoptosis. See Sandox Bay Serrano and Caspase-3 Regulatory Mechanisms
  
• CASP-7 is involved in the activation of cascade of caspases during apoptosis. See Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 (new) and

Caspase-6 and neurodegeneration

• CASP-7 is a heterodimer consisting of P20 (human residues 1-198) and P11 (human residues 199-303) subunits. CASP-7 catalytic domain consists of residues 57-303. is an important initiator CASP and drICE is an effector of apoptosis CASP in Drosophila melanogaster. See Molecular Playground/Caspase-7 Dynamics and Molecular Playground/Executioner Caspase-7
  
• CASP-9 is an aspartic protease linked to mitochondrial death pathway. See Molecular Playground/Caspase-9 Regulation.
  
• Metacaspase (MCASP) are arginine/lysine specific CASP. MCASP are found in plants and fungi.

For some details see also:
CASP-6 - Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 (new);

• Caspase-6 and neurodegeneration
  

3D structures of caspase3D structures of caspase

Updated on 19-November-2015

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• CASP-1
  • 3e4c – hpro-CASP (mutant) - human
    
  • 2nn3 – pro-SfCASP (mutant) – Spodoptera frugiperda
    
  • 1sc1, 1sc4 - hCASP (mutant)
    
  • 1sc3 - hCASP (mutant) + malonate
    
  • 3d6f, 3d6h, 3d6m, 1ibc - hCASP (mutant) + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 2hbq, 1bmq, 3ns7 - hCASP + inhibitor
    
  • 2h4w, 2h4y, 2h51, 2h54, 2hbr, 2hby, 2hbz, 2h48, 2fqq, 1rwk, 1rwm, 1rwn, 1rwo, 1rwp, 1rwv, 1rww, 1rwx - hCASP (mutant) + inhibitor
    
  • 1ice – hCASP + tetrapeptide aldehyde
    
  • 1m72 – SfCASP + polypeptide inhibitor
    
• CASP-2
  • 2p2c – hCASP
    
  • 3r7s - hCASP subunits P12, P18
    
  • 1pyo, 3r5j, 3r6g, 3r6l, 3r7b, 3r7n, 3rjm - hCASP + polypeptide inhibitor
    
• CASP-3
  • 1qx3 - hCASP
    
  • 2xyg, 2xyh, 2xyp, 4jje – hCASP subunits P12, P17 + inhibitor
    
  • 2xzd, 2xzt, 2y0b - hCASP subunits P12, P17 + DARPIN-3.4
    
  • 3pcx, 3pd1, 3pd0, 3gjq, 3gjr, 3gjs, 3gjt, 3edq, 3edr, 2cnk, 2cnl, 2cnn, 2cno, 2cdr, 2h65, 1cp3, 1pau, 4pry – hCASP + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 4dcj, 4dco, 4dcp, 4eha, 4ehd, 4ehf, 4ehh, 4ehk, 4ehl, 4ehn, 4ps0, 4ps1 – hCASP subunits P12, P17 + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 2dko, 2cjx, 2cjy, 4qtx, 4qty, 4qu0, 4qu5, 4qu8, 4qu9, 4qua, 4qub 4qud, 4que, 4qug, 4quh, 4qui, 4quj, 4qul - hCASP (mutant) + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 3kjf, 3h0e, 3deh, 3dei, 3dej, 3dek, 1re1, 1rhj, 1rhk, 1rhm, 1rhq, 1rhr, 1rhu, 1nme, 1nmq, 1nms, 1gfw – hCASP + inhibitor
    
  • 3itn, 2j30, 2j31, 2j32, 2j33, 2c1e, 2c2k, 2c2m, 2c2o, 2c2z, 2h5i, 2h5j, 4jr0 – hpro-CASP + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 1i3o - hCASP (mutant) + XIAP-BIR2
• CASP-6
  • 3p45, 3k7e, 2wdp – hCASP
    
  • 3nkf, 3nr2, 3s8e, 3v6l, 3v6m, 4iyr – hCASP (mutant)
    
  • 3od5, 3p4u, 3qnw, 3s70 – hCASP + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 4ejf – hCASP subunit P11 + P18 + polypeptide
    
  • 4fxo - hCASP subunit P11 + P18 + Zn
    
  • 4hva - hCASP subunit P11 + P18 + VEID inhibitor
    
  • 4n5d - hCASP subunit P11 + P18 + inhibitor
    
  • 4n6g, 4n7j, 4n7m, 4nbk, 4nbl, 4nbn - hCASP subunit P11 + P18 (mutant) + inhibitor
    
• CASP-7
  • 3rk5, 4fdi - hCASP
    
  • 3ibf – hCASP P20 subunit
    
  • 3r5k, 4hq0 - hCASP (mutant)
    
  • 1k86, 1gqf – hCASP catalytic domain
    
  • 1k88 – hpro-CASP (mutant)
    
  • 3ibc, 2ql5, 2ql7, 2ql9, 2qlb, 2qlf, 2qlj, 3edr - hCASP P20 subunit + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 1f1j, 4hqr - hCASP + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 3h1p, 4jr1, 4jr2 - hCASP catalytic domain (mutant) + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 1shj, 1shl - hCASP catalytic domain (mutant) + inhibitor
    
  • 4fea - hCASP catalytic domain + inhibitor
    
  • 1i51, 1kmc - hCASP (mutant) + XIAP-BIR2
    
  • 1i4o - hCASP P20 subunit + XIAP
    
  • 4jb8, 4lsz - hCASP P20, P11 subunits + DARPIN
    
• CASP-8
  • 3kjn, 3kjq – hCASP subunit P18 + inhibitor
    
  • 1f9e, 1qtn, 1qdu - hCASP subunit α,β + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 1qtn, 4jj7, 4jj8, 4prz - hCASP P18, P11 + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 3h11 - hCASP (mutant) + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 2y1l - hCASP subunits P18 P10
    
  • 2k7z – hpro-CASP (mutant) – NMR
    
  • 2fun, 1i4e – CASP + P35 – Autographa californica
• CASP-9
  • 2ar9 – hCASP (mutant)
    
  • 1jxq - hCASP + polypeptide inhibitor
    
  • 3v3k – hCASP + effector protein
    
  • 1nw9 – hCASP catalytic domain + XIAP-BIR3
    
  • 3ygs, 4rhw – hpro-CASP + APAF-1 CARD
• Drosophila melanogaster CASP
  • 2fp3 – DmCASP Dronc residues 136-450 – Drosophila melanogaster
    
  • 3sir - DmCASP drICE residues 78-332
    
  • 3sip – DmCASP drICE residues 78-230 + apoptosis inhibitor
    
• Metacaspase
  • 4afp, 4afr, 4afv, 4af8 – MCASP (mutant) – Trypanosom brucei
    
  • 4f6o – yMCASP 1 – yeast
    
  • 4f6p – yMCASP 1 (mutant)