Pharmaceutical Drugs

AstraZeneca’s Nexium

The Pharmaceutical industry is one of the world’s largest industries, grossing well over $300 billion in the United States alone. Understanding how the drugs the pharma industry develops work and different characteristics of these compounds is important to nearly everyone as 50% of the US population takes at least one prescription medication regularly and nearly everyone takes a pharmaceutical pill at some point in their life. See also WHO Model Lists of Essential Medicines. The following is a growing list of pharmaceutical compounds organized by disorder.

See Pharmaceutical Drug Targets for a list of drug targets organized by disease.

The majority of all modern medicinal drugs target members of the superfamily of proteins called the G protein-coupled receptors or GPCRs.

Treatments

The following is a list of pharmaceutical treatments for various diseases, organized by disorder. Each entry highlights general information about the therapeutic, pharmacokinetic data comparisons within its drug class, and a structural analysis explaining how the drug compound functions in vivo.

Alzheimer's Disease	Bacterial Infection	Cancer
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Aricept - Generic: Donepezil Cognex - Generic: Tacrine Exelon - Generic: Rivastigmine Razadyne - Generic: Galantamine Antagonists at glutamatergic NMDA receptors Axura, Ebixa, Namenda - Generic: Memantine	Antibiotics Biaxin: - Generic: Clarithromycin Doxycycline Dynabac - Generic: Dirithromycin Ketek - Generic: Telithromycin Llosone - Generic: Erythromycin Rulide - Generic: Roxithromycin Zithromax - Generic: Azithromycin Invanz (Ertapenem) - Generic: Ertapenem Ciprofloxacin CEN-101 Trimethoprim Netropsin Cefixime Ampicillin Rifampicin Anti-ulcer antibiotics Esomeprazole. See Treatment of gastric ulcer Beta-lactam antibiotics cephalosporins cephamycins Penicillin Cefepime Cefotaxime Ceftazidime Cefoxitin Cephamycins Cephems See Beta-lactam antibiotics, Penams	Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Arzerra - Generic: Ofatumumab Rituxan - Generic: Rituximab Bexxar - Generic: Tositumomab Anti-melanoma Monoclonal Antibody Pembrolizumab - Generic: Keytruda Lenalidomide - Generic: Revlimid See Treatment of multiple myeloma Anti-prostate cancer Bicalutamide - Generic: Casodex Abiraterone acetate - Generic: Zytiga Enzalutamide. Treatment for malignant neoplasms of prostate Anti-myeloma Bortezomib - Generic: Velcade Anti-acute lymphocytic leukemia Imatinib - Generic: Gleevec; See Treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia Anti-non-small cell lung cacinoma Afatinib - Generic: Gilotrif; See Treatment non-small cell lung carcinoma Erlotinib - Generic: Tarceva; See Treatment of pancreatic cancer Gefitinib - Generic: Iressa Lapatinib - Generic: Tykerb B-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Zelboraf - Generic: Vemurafenib (Formerly: PLX-4032) Chemotherapy Platinol - Generic: Cisplatin Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor Alimta - Generic: Pemetrexed Folotyn - Generic: Pralatrexate Methotrexate - Trade names: Trexall, Rheumatrex, Otrexup Raltitrexed Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Herceptin - Generic: Trastuzumab Iressa - Generic: Gefitinib Tarceva - Generic: Erlotinib Tykerb - Generic: Lapatinib Estrogen Receptor Modulator Evista - Generic: Raloxifene Fareston - Generic: Toremifene Nolvadex - Generic: Tamoxifen mTOR inhibitor Rapamune - Generic: Sirolimus (Rapamycin) Afinitor - Generic: Everolimus Torisel - Generic: Temsirolimus Multiple Receptor Tyrosine kinase (VEGFR, PDGFR, EGFR, KIT, Abl, RAF kinase) Inhibitors Gleevec - Generic: Imatinib Nexavar - Generic: Sorafenib Sprycel - Generic: Dasatinib Sutent - Generic: Sunitinib Tasigna - Generic: Nilotinib Ibrutinib - brand name: Imbruvica See Treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, Treatment of renal cell carcinoma, Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor, VEGFR inhibitors and Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitor Avastin - Generic: Bevacizumab Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors Olaparib - brand name Lynparza Cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors Palbociclib - brand name Ibrance Abemaciclib - brand name Verzenio Ribociclib - brand name Kisqali See also Anti-cancer drugs, Anticancer drugs and RAF kinase inhibitors
Depression	Diabetes	Erectile Dysfunction
Serotonin Transporter Inhibitors Tricyclic Antidepressants Anafranil - Generic: Clomipramine Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Prozac - Generic: Fluoxetine Zoloft - Generic: Sertraline Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Duloxetine - Trade names: Cymbalta, Ariclaim, Yentreve Serotonin–dopamine reuptake inhibitor Aripiprazole See Atypical antipsychotics	Insulin Lantus - Generic: Insulin glargine NovoLog - Generic: Insulin aspart Humalog - Generic: Insulin lispro Dipeptidyl peptidase IV Inhibitor Galvus - Generic: Vildagliptin Januvia - Generic: Sitagliptin; see also Januvia (sitagliptin) Onglyza - Generic: Saxagliptin Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Agonist Actos - Generic: Pioglitazone Avandia - Generic: Rosiglitazone Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonist Victoza - Generic: Liraglutide Ozempic - Generic: Semaglutide Mechanism is not completely understood Metformin - Generic: N,N-dimethylbiguanide Inhibitors of the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) Empagliflozin - Generic: Jardiance Canagliflozin Dapagliflozin	Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Cialis - Generic: Tadalafil Levitra - Generic: Vardenafil Viagra - Generic: Sildenafil
Hypercholeseterolemia	Hypertension	HIV
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins) Baycol - Generic: Cerivastatin Crestor - Generic: Rosuvastatin Lescol - Generic: Fluvastatin Lipitor - Generic: Atorvastatin Mevacor - Generic: Lovastatin Zocor - Generic: Simvastatin Vytorin - Ezetimibe/Simvastatin Fenofibrate - Generic: Tricor; See Treatment of hyperlipidemia Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) protein blocker Ezetimibe - Trade names: Zetia, Ezetrol	Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Aceon - Generic: Perindopril Altace - Generic: Ramipril Capoten - Generic: Captopril Lotensin - Generic: Benazepril Mavik - Generic: Trandolapril Prinivil - Generic: Lisinopril Vasotec - Generic: Enalapril Bumetanide - Generic: Bumex β-Adrenergic Receptor Antagonists Betoptic - Generic: Betaxolol Blocadren - Generic: Timolol Bystolic - Generic: Nebivolol Coreg - Generic: Carvedilol Gubernal - Generic: Alprenolol Inderal - Generic: Propranolol Lopressor - Generic: Metroprolol Trandate - Generic: Labetalol Visken - Generic: Pindolol Zebeta - Generic: Bisoprolol Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors Diuril Inhibitors of neprilysin Sacubitril (Sacubitrilat) inhibits the enzyme neprilysin. Renin inhibitors Aliskiren Angiotensin II receptor antagonist Olmesartan Valsartan	Chemokine Receptor Type 5 (CCR5) Inhibitors Selzentry - Generic: Maraviroc HIV-Protease Inhibitors Agenerase - Generic: Amprenavir Aptivus - Generic: Tipranavir Crixivan - Generic: Indinavir Invirase - Generic: Saquinavir Kaletra - Generic: Lopinavir Lexiva - Generic: Fosamprenavir Nelfinavir - Generic: Viracept Norvir - Generic: Ritonavir Prezista - Generic: Darunavir Reyataz - Generic: Atazanavir Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Intelence - Generic: Etravirine Rescriptor - Generic: Delvirdine Sustiva - Generic: Efavirenz Viramune - Generic: Nevirapine Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Baraclude - Generic: Entecavir Emtriva - Generic: Emtricitabine Epivir - Generic: Lamivudine Hivid - Generic: Zalcitabine Retrovir - Generic: Zidovudine Videx - Generic: Didanosine Viread - Generic: Tenofovir Zerit - Generic: Stavudine Ziagen - Generic: Abacavir Retroviral Integrase Inhibitors Isentress - Generic: Raltegravir Elvitegravir - Experimental MK-2048 - Experimental Cytochrome P450 inhibitors Cobicistat, brand name Tybost Combinations Emtricitabine/tenofovir, brand name Truvada Emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz, brand name Atripla Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide, brand name Biktarvy Elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/Tenofovir disoproxil, brand name Genvoya
Inflammation & Arthritis	Influenza	Opioid drugs
Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors Aspirin - Generic: Acetylsalicylic Acid Advil - Generic: Ibuprofen Aleve - Generic: Naproxen Ansaid - Generic: Flurbiprofen Bextra - Generic: Valdecoxib Celebrex - Generic: Celecoxib Clinoril - Generic: Sulindac Daypro - Generic: Oxaprozin Feldene - Generic: Piroxicam Relafen - Generic: Nabumetone Paracetamol - Generic: Acetaminophen Ponstel - Generic: Mefanamic Acid Toradol - Generic: Ketorolac Vioxx - Generic: Rofecoxib Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors Voltaren - Generic: Diclofenac also may inhibit phospholipase A2 as part of its mechanism of action.	M2 Proton Channel Inhibitors Flumadine - Generic: Rimantadine Symmetrel - Generic: Amantadine Neuraminidase Inhibitors Relenza - Generic: Zanamivir Tamiflu - Generic: Oseltamivir	Opioid receptors agonists MScontin, Oramorph, Sevredol - Generic: Morphine (opioid receptor agonist) Demerol - Generic: Meperidine (opioid receptor agonist) Dolophine - Generic: Methadone (Levomethadone (the R enantiomer) is a opioid receptor agonist) Actiq, Duragesic, Fentora - Generic: Fentanyl (opioid receptor agonist) Opioid receptors antagonists Narcan - Generic: Naloxone (competitive opioid receptor antagonist) ReVia - Generic: Naltrexone (competitive opioid receptor antagonist) Entereg - Generic: Alvimopan (opioid receptor antagonist)
Alzheimer's Disease	Bacterial Infection	Cancer
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Aricept - Generic: Donepezil Cognex - Generic: Tacrine Exelon - Generic: Rivastigmine Razadyne - Generic: Galantamine Antagonists at glutamatergic NMDA receptors Axura, Ebixa, Namenda - Generic: Memantine	Antibiotics Biaxin: - Generic: Clarithromycin Doxycycline Dynabac - Generic: Dirithromycin Ketek - Generic: Telithromycin Llosone - Generic: Erythromycin Rulide - Generic: Roxithromycin Zithromax - Generic: Azithromycin Invanz (Ertapenem) - Generic: Ertapenem Ciprofloxacin CEN-101 Trimethoprim Netropsin Cefixime Ampicillin Rifampicin Anti-ulcer antibiotics Esomeprazole. See Treatment of gastric ulcer Beta-lactam antibiotics cephalosporins cephamycins Penicillin Cefepime Cefotaxime Ceftazidime Cefoxitin Cephamycins Cephems See Beta-lactam antibiotics, Penams	Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody Arzerra - Generic: Ofatumumab Rituxan - Generic: Rituximab Bexxar - Generic: Tositumomab Anti-melanoma Monoclonal Antibody Pembrolizumab - Generic: Keytruda Lenalidomide - Generic: Revlimid See Treatment of multiple myeloma Anti-prostate cancer Bicalutamide - Generic: Casodex Abiraterone acetate - Generic: Zytiga Enzalutamide. Treatment for malignant neoplasms of prostate Anti-myeloma Bortezomib - Generic: Velcade Anti-acute lymphocytic leukemia Imatinib - Generic: Gleevec; See Treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia Anti-non-small cell lung cacinoma Afatinib - Generic: Gilotrif; See Treatment non-small cell lung carcinoma Erlotinib - Generic: Tarceva; See Treatment of pancreatic cancer Gefitinib - Generic: Iressa Lapatinib - Generic: Tykerb B-Raf Kinase Inhibitor Zelboraf - Generic: Vemurafenib (Formerly: PLX-4032) Chemotherapy Platinol - Generic: Cisplatin Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor Alimta - Generic: Pemetrexed Folotyn - Generic: Pralatrexate Methotrexate - Trade names: Trexall, Rheumatrex, Otrexup Raltitrexed Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors Herceptin - Generic: Trastuzumab Iressa - Generic: Gefitinib Tarceva - Generic: Erlotinib Tykerb - Generic: Lapatinib Estrogen Receptor Modulator Evista - Generic: Raloxifene Fareston - Generic: Toremifene Nolvadex - Generic: Tamoxifen mTOR inhibitor Rapamune - Generic: Sirolimus (Rapamycin) Afinitor - Generic: Everolimus Torisel - Generic: Temsirolimus Multiple Receptor Tyrosine kinase (VEGFR, PDGFR, EGFR, KIT, Abl, RAF kinase) Inhibitors Gleevec - Generic: Imatinib Nexavar - Generic: Sorafenib Sprycel - Generic: Dasatinib Sutent - Generic: Sunitinib Tasigna - Generic: Nilotinib Ibrutinib - brand name: Imbruvica See Treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, Treatment of renal cell carcinoma, Treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor, VEGFR inhibitors and Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitor Avastin - Generic: Bevacizumab Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors Olaparib - brand name Lynparza Cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors Palbociclib - brand name Ibrance Abemaciclib - brand name Verzenio Ribociclib - brand name Kisqali See also Anti-cancer drugs, Anticancer drugs and RAF kinase inhibitors