Covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate of hen egg white lysozymeCovalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate of hen egg white lysozyme
Structural highlights
1h6m is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Chick. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
[LYSC_CHICK] Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. Has bacteriolytic activity against M.luteus.[1]
Evolutionary Conservation
Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.
Publication Abstract from PubMed
Hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) was the first enzyme to have its three-dimensional structure determined by X-ray diffraction techniques. A catalytic mechanism, featuring a long-lived oxocarbenium-ion intermediate, was proposed on the basis of model-building studies. The 'Phillips' mechanism is widely held as the paradigm for the catalytic mechanism of beta-glycosidases that cleave glycosidic linkages with net retention of configuration of the anomeric centre. Studies with other retaining beta-glycosidases, however, provide strong evidence pointing to a common mechanism for these enzymes that involves a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate, as previously postulated. Here we show, in three different cases using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, a catalytically competent covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate during the catalytic cycle of HEWL. We also show the three-dimensional structure of this intermediate as determined by X-ray diffraction. We formulate a general catalytic mechanism for all retaining beta-glycosidases that includes substrate distortion, formation of a covalent intermediate, and the electrophilic migration of C1 along the reaction coordinate.
Catalysis by hen egg-white lysozyme proceeds via a covalent intermediate.,Vocadlo DJ, Davies GJ, Laine R, Withers SG Nature. 2001 Aug 23;412(6849):835-8. PMID:11518970[2]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑Maehashi K, Matano M, Irisawa T, Uchino M, Kashiwagi Y, Watanabe T. Molecular characterization of goose- and chicken-type lysozymes in emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae): evidence for extremely low lysozyme levels in emu egg white. Gene. 2012 Jan 15;492(1):244-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2011.10.021. Epub 2011 Oct, 25. PMID:22044478 doi:10.1016/j.gene.2011.10.021
↑Vocadlo DJ, Davies GJ, Laine R, Withers SG. Catalysis by hen egg-white lysozyme proceeds via a covalent intermediate. Nature. 2001 Aug 23;412(6849):835-8. PMID:11518970 doi:10.1038/35090602