DNA methyltransferase

Revision as of 17:22, 31 December 2015 by Michal Harel (talk | contribs)


Function

DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) catalyzes the transfer of methyl group to DNA. Methylation is essential for gene expression. DNMT uses S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as the methyl donor. The SAM analog S-adenosyl homocysteine (SAH) is a powerful inhibitor of DNMT.

  • Methylguanine DNMT repairs the DNA lesion O6-methylguanine to guanine.[1]
  • Methylcytosine DNMT methylates the 5 position of cytosine. [2]
  • Methyladenine DNMT methylates the 6 position of adenine. [3]

Relevance

DNMT inhibitors are being tested in cancer therapy.

Disease

The human ICF disorder is caused by mutations in DNMT 3B.

Structure of haloalkane dehalogenase complex with I- ion (purple) (PDB code 3av6).

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

3D Structures of DNA methyltransferase3D Structures of DNA methyltransferase

Updated on 31-December-2015

    • 3av5 - m-cytosine DNMT + SAH
    • 3av6 - m-cytosine DNMT + SAM
    • 3swr - h-cytosine DNMT + sinefungin
    • 1boo - cytosine DNMT (mutant) – Proteus vulgaris
    • 3qv2 - cytosine DNMT + SAH – Entamoeba histolytica
    • 2uyc, 2uyh, 2uz4, 1fjx – Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + SAH - Haemophilus haemolyticus
    • 2c7o, 2c7p, 2c7q, 2c7r, 3pta – Hh-cytosine DNMT + DNA + S-adenonosyl cysteine
    • 1hmy – Hh-cytosine Haeiii DNMT + SAM
    • 1m0e - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + inhibitor
    • 2i9k - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA
    • 2hr1 - Hh-cytosine DNMT + DNA + ADOHCY
    • 2z6q, 2z6u, 2zcj - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant) + DNA + ADOHCY
    • 1svu - Hh-cytosine DNMT (mutant)
    • 4fsx – c-cytosine DNMT + SAH – corn
    • 4ft2, 4ft4 – c-cytosine DNMT + histone H3 peptide
    • 4h0n - cytosine DNMT (mutant) – Spodoptera frugiperda
  • Methyladenine DNMT
    • 1nw5 – RsN6-adenine DNMT + SAM – Rhodobacter sphaeroides
    • 1nw6 - RsN6-adenine DNMT + sinefungin
    • 1nw7 - RsN6-adenine DNMT + SAH
    • 1nw8 - RsN6-adenine DNMT (mutant)
    • 2ibs, 2ibt, 2ih2, 2ih4, 2ih5, 2np6, 2np7, 1g38 - Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + DNA + cofactor analog – Thermus aquaticus
    • 1aqi – Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + SAH
    • 1aqj – Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + sinefugin
    • 2adm - Ta-adenine DNMT Taqi + SAM
    • 1g60 - adenine DNMT + SAM – Moraxella bovis

ReferencesReferences

  1. Kaina B, Christmann M, Naumann S, Roos WP. MGMT: key node in the battle against genotoxicity, carcinogenicity and apoptosis induced by alkylating agents. DNA Repair (Amst). 2007 Aug 1;6(8):1079-99. Epub 2007 May 7. PMID:17485253 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dnarep.2007.03.008
  2. Kumar S, Cheng X, Klimasauskas S, Mi S, Posfai J, Roberts RJ, Wilson GG. The DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferases. Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Jan 11;22(1):1-10. PMID:8127644
  3. Thomas CB, Scavetta RD, Gumport RI, Churchill ME. Structures of liganded and unliganded RsrI N6-adenine DNA methyltransferase: a distinct orientation for active cofactor binding. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jul 11;278(28):26094-101. Epub 2003 May 4. PMID:12732637 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M303751200

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky