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<StructureSection load='4cbx' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4cbx]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='4cbx' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4cbx]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4cbx]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plabe Plabe]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4CBX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4CBX FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4cbx]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmodium_berghei Plasmodium berghei]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4CBX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4CBX FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CA:CALCIUM+ION'>CA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[4cbu|4cbu]], [[4cbw|4cbw]]</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4cbx FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4cbx OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4cbx PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4cbx RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4cbx PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4cbx ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4cbx FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4cbx OCA], [http://pdbe.org/4cbx PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4cbx RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4cbx PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4cbx ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACT2_PLABA ACT2_PLABA]] Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GELS_MOUSE GELS_MOUSE]] Calcium-regulated, actin-modulating protein that binds to the plus (or barbed) ends of actin monomers or filaments, preventing monomer exchange (end-blocking or capping). It can promote the assembly of monomers into filaments (nucleation) as well as sever filaments already formed. Plays a role in ciliogenesis.
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ACT2_PLABA ACT2_PLABA]] Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Actins are highly conserved proteins and key players in central processes in all eukaryotic cells. The two actins of the malaria parasite are among the most divergent eukaryotic actins and also differ from each other more than isoforms in any other species. Microfilaments have not been directly observed in Plasmodium and are presumed to be short and highly dynamic. We show that actin I cannot complement actin II in male gametogenesis, suggesting critical structural differences. Cryo-EM reveals that Plasmodium actin I has a unique filament structure, whereas actin II filaments resemble canonical F-actin. Both Plasmodium actins hydrolyze ATP more efficiently than alpha-actin, and unlike any other actin, both parasite actins rapidly form short oligomers induced by ADP. Crystal structures of both isoforms pinpoint several structural changes in the monomers causing the unique polymerization properties. Inserting the canonical D-loop to Plasmodium actin I leads to the formation of long filaments in vitro. In vivo, this chimera restores gametogenesis in parasites lacking actin II, suggesting that stable filaments are required for exflagellation. Together, these data underline the divergence of eukaryotic actins and demonstrate how structural differences in the monomers translate into filaments with different properties, implying that even eukaryotic actins have faced different evolutionary pressures and followed different paths for developing their polymerization properties.
 
Structural differences explain diverse functions of Plasmodium actins.,Vahokoski J, Bhargav SP, Desfosses A, Andreadaki M, Kumpula EP, Martinez SM, Ignatev A, Lepper S, Frischknecht F, Siden-Kiamos I, Sachse C, Kursula I PLoS Pathog. 2014 Apr 17;10(4):e1004091. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004091., eCollection 2014 Apr. PMID:24743229<ref>PMID:24743229</ref>
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4cbx" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Actin 3D structures|Actin 3D structures]]
*[[Actin 3D structures|Actin 3D structures]]
*[[Gelsolin|Gelsolin]]
*[[Gelsolin 3D structures|Gelsolin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Plabe]]
[[Category: Plasmodium berghei]]
[[Category: Andreadaki, M]]
[[Category: Andreadaki M]]
[[Category: Bhargav, S P]]
[[Category: Bhargav SP]]
[[Category: Desfosses, A]]
[[Category: Desfosses A]]
[[Category: Frischknecht, F]]
[[Category: Frischknecht F]]
[[Category: Ignatev, A]]
[[Category: Ignatev A]]
[[Category: Kumpula, E P]]
[[Category: Kumpula EP]]
[[Category: Kursula, I]]
[[Category: Kursula I]]
[[Category: Lepper, S]]
[[Category: Lepper S]]
[[Category: Martinez, S Munico]]
[[Category: Munico Martinez S]]
[[Category: Sachse, C]]
[[Category: Sachse C]]
[[Category: Siden-Kiamos, I]]
[[Category: Siden-Kiamos I]]
[[Category: Vahokoski, J]]
[[Category: Vahokoski J]]
[[Category: Malaria]]
[[Category: Motility]]
[[Category: Motor protein]]
[[Category: Parasite]]

Revision as of 20:37, 7 September 2022

Crystal structure of Plasmodium berghei actin IICrystal structure of Plasmodium berghei actin II

Structural highlights

4cbx is a 2 chain structure with sequence from Mus musculus and Plasmodium berghei. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:, , , ,
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

[ACT2_PLABA] Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells.

See Also

4cbx, resolution 2.20Å

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