Thioesterase

Thioesterase (TE) catalyzes the break of an ester bond to produce acid and alcohol at a thiol group. TEs are substrate-specific. Palmitoyl protein TE removes fatty acids like palmitate from modified cysteine residues during lysosomal degradation. 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA TE converts 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA to 4-hydroxybenzoate and CoA. Acyl-CoA TE hydrolyzes acyl-CoA to the fatty acid and CoA and is involved in lipid metabolism. Fluoroacetyl-CoA TE from Streptomyces cattleya hydrolyzes fluoroacetyl-CoA thus preventing it from being metabolized to the lethal 4-hydroxy-trans-aconitate. Ubiquitin TE removes conjugated ubiquitin from proteins thus regulating protein level by preventing their degradation.

3D structures of thioesterase3D structures of thioesterase

Maristoyl-ACP-specific TE

1tht – TE – Vibrio harveyi

4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA TE

1bvq – PsTE – Pseudomonas
1lo7 – PsTE + 4-hydroxyphenyl CoA
1lo9 - PsTE (mutant) + 4-hydroxybenzoyl CoA
1lo8 - PsTE + 4-hydroxybenzyl CoA
1q4s - ArTE + 4-hydroxybenzoate – 'Arthrobacter'
1q4t - ArTE + 4-hydroxyphenyl CoA
1q4u - ArTE + 4-hydroxybenzyl CoA
3r32, 3r35, 3r37, 3r38, 3r3c, 3r3d, 3r3f - ArTE (mutant) + 4-hydroxyphenacyl CoA
3r3a - ArTE (mutant) + 4-hydroxybenzoate
3r34 - ArTE (mutant) + CoA

Palmitoyl protein TE

1eh5 – bTE1 + Palmitate – bovine
1ei9 – bTE1
1exw – bTE1 + hexadecylsulfonyl fluoride
1pja – hTEII – human
3gro - hTEI

Acyl-CoA TE

1c8u – EcTEII – Escherichia coli
1ivn – EcTEI
1jrl – EcTEI (mutant)
1j00 – EcTEI + diethyl phosphono derivative
1v2g, 1u8u - EcTEI + octanoic acid
2v1o – mTE7 hotdog domain – mouse
2q2b – mTE7 C terminal
3hlk – hTE2
3k2i – hTE4
2qq2 - hTE7 C terminal
3fo5 – hTE11 START domain
3b7k – hTE12
3rd7 – TE – Mycobacterium avium
3u0a – TEII – Mycobacterium marinum
1tbu – TE N terminal (peroximal) – yeast

Acyl protein TE

1fj2 – EcTEI

Acyl-ACP TE

2ess – TE – Bacterioides thetaiotaomicron

Fluoroacetyl-CoA TE

3kuv, 3kuw, 3kvi – ScTE (mutant) + acetate derivative – Streptomyces cattleya
3kv7, 3kv8, 3p2r, 3p2s – ScTE + acetate derivative
3kvu – ScTE + acetyl-CoA
3kvz – ScTE + FAcOPan
3kx7, 3fx8, 3p2q – ScTE
3p3f – ScTE (mutant)
3p3i - ScTE (mutant) + acetate derivative + CoA

Ubiquitin TE

2kzr – mTE UBX-like domain – NMR
4dhi – CeTE + ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 – Caenorhabditis elegans
4dhj, 4dhz – CeTE + ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 + ubiquitin + ubiquitin aldehyde

RedJ TE

3qmv, 3qmw – TE – Streptomyces coelicolor

2av9 – TE – Pseudomonas aeruginosa