Sandbox Reserved 478: Difference between revisions
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Several Studies have been conducted on the specific mechanism of MMPs, and many different perspectives of the mechanism have been published. The difference in the proposed mechanisms shows that the research within this area is still undergoing and there is no final verdict as to the mechanism of action. Robert Visse et al, states in a review of Matrix Metalloproteinases, that MMPs can be activated by proteinases or in vitro by chemical agents, such as thiol-modifying agents (4-aminophenylmercuric acetate, HgCl2, and N-ethylmaleimide), oxidized glutathione, SDS, chaotropic agents, and reactive oxygens. <ref name="Visse" /> These agents mostly work to disturb the interaction between the cysteine-zinc of the cysteine switch. Proteolytic activation of MMPs is stepwise with the initial proteolytic attack occuring at an exposed loop region between the first and the second helices of the propeptide, once a portion of the propetide is removed, then the rest of the propeptide is destabilized which allows for the intermolecular processing by partially activated MMP intermediates or other MMPs. The final step in the activation process is therefore conducted by an MMP | Several Studies have been conducted on the specific mechanism of MMPs, and many different perspectives of the mechanism have been published. The difference in the proposed mechanisms shows that the research within this area is still undergoing and there is no final verdict as to the mechanism of action. Robert Visse et al, states in a review of Matrix Metalloproteinases, that MMPs can be activated by proteinases or in vitro by chemical agents, such as thiol-modifying agents (4-aminophenylmercuric acetate, HgCl2, and N-ethylmaleimide), oxidized glutathione, SDS, chaotropic agents, and reactive oxygens. <ref name="Visse" /> These agents mostly work to disturb the interaction between the cysteine-zinc of the cysteine switch. Proteolytic activation of MMPs is stepwise with the initial proteolytic attack occuring at an exposed loop region between the first and the second helices of the propeptide, once a portion of the propetide is removed, then the rest of the propeptide is destabilized which allows for the intermolecular processing by partially activated MMP intermediates or other MMPs. The final step in the activation process is therefore conducted by an MMP | ||
This image is a representation of the mode of activation that is utilized in MMP-1. the image is used to show activation in human colleganase (proMMP-1)[[Image:F3large.jpg]] | This image is a representation of the mode of activation that is utilized in MMP-1. the image is used to show activation in human colleganase (proMMP-1)<ref name="Visse" /> [[Image:F3large.jpg]] | ||
==Medical Implications== | ==Medical Implications== | ||