Actin: Difference between revisions
Michal Harel (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Michal Harel (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| (2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
[[Actin]] is a protein found in all eukaryotic cells.<ref>PMID:11474115</ref> It is the monomer of two types of filaments: microfilaments which are part of the cytoskeleton and thin filaments which are part of muscles. Three isoforms of actin are identified: α (Aa) (or G-actin) found in muscle tissue, β (Ab) and γ (Ag) actins are components of the cytoskeleton. F-actin is Aa bound to ATP. For more details see:<br /> *[[F-actin]]<br /> *[[Non-polymerizable monomeric actin]].<br /> <scene name='Actin/Cv/2'>Click here to see the difference between 2 conformations of bovine Ag actin</scene> (PDB entries [[1hlu]] and [[2btf]]; morph was taken from [http://molmovdb.org/cgi-bin/movie.cgi Gallery of Morphs] of the [http://molmovdb.org Yale Morph Server]). Actin participates in muscle contraction, cell motility, cell division and cytokinesis. Actin associated with myosin is responsible for most cell movements. | [[Actin]] is a protein found in all eukaryotic cells.<ref>PMID:11474115</ref> It is the monomer of two types of filaments: microfilaments which are part of the cytoskeleton and thin filaments which are part of muscles. Three isoforms of actin are identified: α (Aa) (or G-actin) found in muscle tissue, β (Ab) and γ (Ag) actins are components of the cytoskeleton. F-actin is Aa bound to ATP. For more details see:<br /> *[[F-actin]]<br /> *[[Non-polymerizable monomeric actin]].<br /> <scene name='Actin/Cv/2'>Click here to see the difference between 2 conformations of bovine Ag actin</scene> (PDB entries [[1hlu]] and [[2btf]]; morph was taken from [http://molmovdb.org/cgi-bin/movie.cgi Gallery of Morphs] of the [http://molmovdb.org Yale Morph Server]). Actin participates in muscle contraction, cell motility, cell division and cytokinesis. Actin associated with myosin is responsible for most cell movements. | ||
*'''α actin''' is found exclusively in muscle fibres.<br /> | |||
*'''β actin''' is required for early embryonic development<ref>PMID:21900491</ref>.<br /> | *'''β actin''' is required for early embryonic development<ref>PMID:21900491</ref>.<br /> | ||
*'''γ actin''' is required for cytoskeletal maintenance<ref>PMID:19497859</ref>. | *'''γ actin''' is required for cytoskeletal maintenance<ref>PMID:19497859</ref>. | ||
See also [[Actin Protein (Hebrew)]] | |||
== Disease == | == Disease == | ||
Latest revision as of 11:40, 2 January 2025
FunctionActin is a protein found in all eukaryotic cells.[1] It is the monomer of two types of filaments: microfilaments which are part of the cytoskeleton and thin filaments which are part of muscles. Three isoforms of actin are identified: α (Aa) (or G-actin) found in muscle tissue, β (Ab) and γ (Ag) actins are components of the cytoskeleton. F-actin is Aa bound to ATP. For more details see:
See also Actin Protein (Hebrew) DiseaseMutations in α-actin found in skeletal striated muscles can cause myopathy. Mutations in α-actin found in smooth muscles can cause thoracic aortic aneurism. Mutations in α-actin found in heart muscles can cause heart malfunctioning. Structural highlightsin a cleft. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. . .[4] It changes its conformation upon hydrolysis of its bound ATP to ADP. Actin filaments are polar. They are formed with all monomers having their clefts pointing in the same direction. 3D Structures of Actin
|
| ||||||||||
ReferenceReference
- ↑ Otterbein LR, Graceffa P, Dominguez R. The crystal structure of uncomplexed actin in the ADP state. Science. 2001 Jul 27;293(5530):708-11. PMID:11474115 doi:10.1126/science.1059700
- ↑ Bunnell TM, Burbach BJ, Shimizu Y, Ervasti JM. β-Actin specifically controls cell growth, migration, and the G-actin pool. Mol Biol Cell. 2011 Nov;22(21):4047-58. PMID:21900491 doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-06-0582
- ↑ Belyantseva IA, Perrin BJ, Sonnemann KJ, Zhu M, Stepanyan R, McGee J, Frolenkov GI, Walsh EJ, Friderici KH, Friedman TB, Ervasti JM. Gamma-actin is required for cytoskeletal maintenance but not development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jun 16;106(24):9703-8. PMID:19497859 doi:10.1073/pnas.0900221106
- ↑ Wang H, Robinson RC, Burtnick LD. The structure of native G-actin. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2010 Jul;67(7):456-65. PMID:20540085 doi:10.1002/cm.20458