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[[Image:1igl.png|left|200px]]


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==SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF HUMAN INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR II RELATIONSHIP TO RECEPTOR AND BINDING PROTEIN INTERACTIONS==
The line below this paragraph, containing "STRUCTURE_1igl", creates the "Structure Box" on the page.
<StructureSection load='1igl' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1igl]]' scene=''>
You may change the PDB parameter (which sets the PDB file loaded into the applet)  
== Structural highlights ==
or the SCENE parameter (which sets the initial scene displayed when the page is loaded),
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1igl]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1IGL OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1IGL FirstGlance]. <br>
or leave the SCENE parameter empty for the default display.
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR, 20 models</td></tr>
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<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1igl FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1igl OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1igl PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1igl RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1igl PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1igl ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
{{STRUCTURE_1igl|  PDB=1igl  |  SCENE=  }}
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IGF2_HUMAN IGF2_HUMAN] Epigenetic changes of DNA hypomethylation in IGF2 are a cause of Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/180860 180860]. A clinically heterogeneous condition characterized by severe intrauterine growth retardation, poor postnatal growth, craniofacial features such as a triangular shaped face and a broad forehead, body asymmetry, and a variety of minor malformations. The phenotypic expression changes during childhood and adolescence, with the facial features and asymmetry usually becoming more subtle with age.<ref>PMID:19066168</ref>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IGF2_HUMAN IGF2_HUMAN] The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. In vitro, they are potent mitogens for cultured cells. IGF-II is influenced by placental lactogen and may play a role in fetal development.<ref>PMID:16912056</ref>  Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3.<ref>PMID:16912056</ref>
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ig/1igl_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1igl ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The three-dimensional structure of human insulin-like growth factor (IGF) II in aqueous solution at pH 3.1 and 300 K has been determined from nuclear magnetic resonance data and restrained molecular dynamics calculations. Structural constraints consisting of 502 NOE-derived distance constraints, 11 dihedral angle restraints, and three disulfide bridges were used as input for distance geometry calculations in DIANA and X-PLOR, followed by simulated annealing refinement and energy minimization in X-PLOR. The resulting family of 20 structures was well defined in the regions of residues 5 to 28 and 41 to 62, with an average pairwise root-mean-square deviation of 1.24 A for the backbone heavy-atoms (N, C2, C) and 1.90 A for all heavy atoms. The poorly defined regions consist of the N and C termini, part of the B-domain, and the C-domain loop. Resonances from these regions of the protein gave stronger cross peaks in two dimensional NMR spectra, consistent with significant motional averaging. The main secondary structure elements in IGF-II are alpha-helices encompassing residues 11 to 21, 42 to 49 and 53 to 59. A small anti-parallel beta-sheet is formed by residues 59 to 61 and 25 to 27, while residues 26 to 28 appear to participate in intermolecular beta-sheet formation. The structure of IGF-II in the well-defined regions is very similar to those of the corresponding regions of insulin and IGF-I. Significant differences between IGF-II and IGF-I occur near the start of the third helix, in a region known to modulate affinity for the type 2 IGF receptor, and at the C terminus. The IGF II structure is discussed in relation to its binding sites for the insulin and IGF receptors and the IGF binding proteins.


===SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF HUMAN INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR II RELATIONSHIP TO RECEPTOR AND BINDING PROTEIN INTERACTIONS===
Solution structure of human insulin-like growth factor II. Relationship to receptor and binding protein interactions.,Torres AM, Forbes BE, Aplin SE, Wallace JC, Francis GL, Norton RS J Mol Biol. 1995 Apr 28;248(2):385-401. PMID:7739048<ref>PMID:7739048</ref>


From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
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*[[Insulin-like growth factor|Insulin-like growth factor]]
(as it appears on PubMed at http://www.pubmed.gov), where 7739048 is the PubMed ID number.
== References ==
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<references/>
{{ABSTRACT_PUBMED_7739048}}
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</StructureSection>
==About this Structure==
1IGL is a 1 chain structure of sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1IGL OCA].
 
==Reference==
<ref group="xtra">PMID:7739048</ref><references group="xtra"/>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Aplin, S E.]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Forbes, B E.]]
[[Category: Aplin SE]]
[[Category: Francis, G L.]]
[[Category: Forbes BE]]
[[Category: Norton, R S.]]
[[Category: Francis GL]]
[[Category: Torres, A M.]]
[[Category: Norton RS]]
[[Category: Wallace, J C.]]
[[Category: Torres AM]]
[[Category: Growth factor]]
[[Category: Wallace JC]]
 
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