6b6g: Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='6b6g' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6b6g]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.95&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='6b6g' size='340' side='right'caption='[[6b6g]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.95&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6b6g]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa Sus scrofa]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6B6G OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6B6G FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[6b6g]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sus_scrofa Sus scrofa]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=6B6G OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6B6G FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FES:FE2/S2+(INORGANIC)+CLUSTER'>FES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RMT:(3R,4E)-4-[({3-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-[(phosphonooxy)methyl]pyridin-4-yl}methyl)imino]cyclopent-1-ene-1,3-dicarboxylic+acid'>RMT</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.95&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6b6g FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6b6g OCA], [http://pdbe.org/6b6g PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6b6g RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6b6g PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6b6g ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FES:FE2/S2+(INORGANIC)+CLUSTER'>FES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RMT:(3R,4E)-4-[({3-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-[(phosphonooxy)methyl]pyridin-4-yl}methyl)imino]cyclopent-1-ene-1,3-dicarboxylic+acid'>RMT</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=6b6g FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=6b6g OCA], [https://pdbe.org/6b6g PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=6b6g RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/6b6g PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=6b6g ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GABT_PIG GABT_PIG]] Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L-beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine.  
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GABT_PIG GABT_PIG] Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L-beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Inhibition of GABA aminotransferase (GABA-AT), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme that degrades GABA, has been established as a possible strategy for the treatment of substance abuse. The raised GABA levels that occur as a consequence of this inhibition have been found to antagonize the rapid release of dopamine in the ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens) that follows an acute challenge by an addictive substance. In addition, increased GABA levels are also known to elicit an anticonvulsant effect in patients with epilepsy. We previously designed the mechanism-based inactivator (1S,3S)-3-amino-4-difluoromethylenyl-1-cyclopentanoic acid (2), now called CPP-115, that is 186 times more efficient in inactivating GABA-AT than vigabatrin, the only FDA-approved drug that is an inactivator of GABA-AT. CPP-115 was found to have high therapeutic potential for the treatment of cocaine addiction and for a variety of epilepsies, has successfully completed a Phase I safety clinical trial, and was found to be effective in the treatment of infantile spasms (West syndrome). Herein we report the design, using molecular dynamics simulations, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a new mechanism-based inactivator, (S)-3-amino-4-(difluoromethylenyl)cyclopent-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid (5), which was found to be almost 10 times more efficient as an inactivator of GABA-AT than CPP-115. We also present the unexpected crystal structure of 5 bound to GABA-AT, as well as computational analyses used to assist the structure elucidation process. Furthermore, 5 was found to have favorable pharmacokinetic properties and low off-target activities. In vivo studies in freely moving rats showed that 5 was dramatically superior to CPP-115 in suppressing the release of dopamine in the corpus striatum, which occurs subsequent to either an acute cocaine or nicotine challenge. Compound 5 also attenuated increased metabolic demands (neuronal glucose metabolism) in the hippocampus, a brain region that encodes spatial information concerning the environment in which an animal receives a reinforcing or aversive drug. This multidisciplinary computational design to preclinical efficacy approach should be applicable to the design and improvement of mechanism-based inhibitors of other enzymes whose crystal structures and inactivation mechanisms are known.
 
Design and Mechanism of (S)-3-Amino-4-(difluoromethylenyl)cyclopent-1-ene-1-carboxylic Acid, a Highly Potent gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Aminotransferase Inactivator for the Treatment of Addiction.,Juncosa JI, Takaya K, Le HV, Moschitto MJ, Weerawarna PM, Mascarenhas R, Liu D, Dewey SL, Silverman RB J Am Chem Soc. 2018 Feb 14;140(6):2151-2164. doi: 10.1021/jacs.7b10965. Epub 2018, Jan 30. PMID:29381352<ref>PMID:29381352</ref>
 
From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 6b6g" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>


==See Also==
==See Also==
*[[Aminotransferase 3D structures|Aminotransferase 3D structures]]
*[[Aminotransferase 3D structures|Aminotransferase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Sus scrofa]]
[[Category: Sus scrofa]]
[[Category: Juncosa, J I]]
[[Category: Juncosa JI]]
[[Category: Le, L V]]
[[Category: Le LV]]
[[Category: Liu, D]]
[[Category: Liu D]]
[[Category: Mascarenhas, R]]
[[Category: Mascarenhas R]]
[[Category: Moschitto, M J]]
[[Category: Moschitto MJ]]
[[Category: Silverman, R B]]
[[Category: Silverman RB]]
[[Category: Takaya, K]]
[[Category: Takaya K]]
[[Category: Gaba aminotransferase]]
[[Category: Inactivator]]
[[Category: Plp]]
[[Category: Transferase]]

Latest revision as of 17:20, 13 March 2024

Crystal Structure of GABA Aminotransferase bound to (S)-3-Amino-4-(difluoromethylenyl)cyclopent-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid, an Potent Inactivatorfor the Treatment of AddictionCrystal Structure of GABA Aminotransferase bound to (S)-3-Amino-4-(difluoromethylenyl)cyclopent-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid, an Potent Inactivatorfor the Treatment of Addiction

Structural highlights

6b6g is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Sus scrofa. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:X-ray diffraction, Resolution 1.95Å
Ligands:, , ,
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

GABT_PIG Catalyzes the conversion of gamma-aminobutyrate and L-beta-aminoisobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde and methylmalonate semialdehyde, respectively. Can also convert delta-aminovalerate and beta-alanine.

See Also

6b6g, resolution 1.95Å

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