View source for 1w3x


==Isopenicillin N synthase d-(L-a-aminoadipoyl)-(3R)-methyl-L-cysteine D-a-hydroxyisovaleryl ester complex (Oxygen exposed 5 minutes 20 bar)==
<StructureSection load='1w3x' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1w3x]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.46&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1w3x]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus_nidulans Aspergillus nidulans]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1W3X OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1W3X FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.46&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=FE2:FE+(II)+ION'>FE2</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=W2X:N~6~-[(1R)-1-({[(1R,2R)-1-CARBOXY-3-HYDROXY-2-METHYLPROPYL]OXY}CARBONYL)-2-MERCAPTOPROP-2-EN-1-YL]-6-OXO-L-LYSINE'>W2X</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1w3x FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1w3x OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1w3x PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1w3x RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1w3x PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1w3x ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/IPNA_EMENI IPNA_EMENI] Isopenicillin N synthase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of penicillin, the world's most important antibiotic (PubMed:3319778, PubMed:11755401). IpnA catalyzes the cyclization of the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) to form isopenicillin N (IPN) that contains the beta-lactam nucleus (PubMed:3319778, PubMed:11755401, PubMed:28703303). The penicillin biosynthesis occurs via 3 enzymatic steps, the first corresponding to the production of the tripeptide N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentanoyl]-L-cysteinyl-D-valine (LLD-ACV or ACV) by the NRPS acvA. The tripeptide ACV is then cyclized to isopenicillin N (IPN) by the isopenicillin N synthase ipnA that forms the beta-lactam nucleus. Finally, the alpha-aminoadipyl side chain is exchanged for phenylacetic acid by the isopenicillin N acyltransferase penDE to yield penicillin in the peroxisomal matrix (By similarity).[UniProtKB:P08703]<ref>PMID:11755401</ref> <ref>PMID:28703303</ref> <ref>PMID:3319778</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/w3/1w3x_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1w3x ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) is a non-heme iron(ii)-dependent oxidase that is central to penicillin biosynthesis. Herein, we report mechanistic studies of the IPNS reaction in the crystalline state, using the substrate analogue delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipoyl)-(3R)-methyl-L-cysteine D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleryl ester (AmCOV) to probe the early stages of the catalytic cycle. The X-ray crystal structure of the anaerobic IPNS:Fe(II):AmCOV complex was solved to 1.40 A resolution, and it reveals several subtle differences in the active site relative to the complex of the enzyme with its natural substrate. The crystalline IPNS:Fe(II):AmCOV complex was then exposed to oxygen gas at high pressure; this brought about reaction to give what appears to be a hydroxymethyl/ene-thiol product. A mechanism for this reaction is proposed. These results offer further insight into the delicate interplay of steric and electronic effects in the IPNS active site and the mechanistic intricacies of this remarkable enzyme.

Unexpected oxidation of a depsipeptide substrate analogue in crystalline isopenicillin N synthase.,Daruzzaman A, Clifton IJ, Adlington RM, Baldwin JE, Rutledge PJ Chembiochem. 2006 Feb;7(2):351-8. PMID:16444759<ref>PMID:16444759</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1w3x" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Isopenicillin N synthase|Isopenicillin N synthase]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Aspergillus nidulans]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Clifton IJ]]
[[Category: Daruzzaman A]]
[[Category: Rutledge PJ]]