Actin-related protein

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Function

Actin-related proteins (Arp) participate in assembly of actins, in microtubule-based motility catalysed by dynein and are components of complexes required for gene expression[1].

Arp 2/3 is a regulator of actin polymerisation[2].
Arp 4 and Arp 6 are part of the chromatin remodelling complex[3],[4] .
Arp 5 is part of the Ino80 complex and involved in UV-damage excision repair[5].
Arp 7/Arp 9 dimers function to facilitate proper chromatin architecture[6].
Arp 8 contributes to nucleolar function[7].

Disease

Mutation in human arp 2/3 cause ARPC1B deficiency in patients with microthrombocytopenia[8].

Structural highlights

The 3D structure of the complex of yeast , , with ATP shows the and the [9].

3D structures of actin-related protein

Actin-related protein 3D structures

Yeast arp7 (grey, yellow) complex with arp9 (green, magenta), Rtt102 (pink, cyan), ATP and sulphate (PDB ID 5tgc)

Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate

ReferencesReferences

  1. ↑ Schafer DA, Schroer TA. Actin-related proteins. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 1999;15:341-63. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.15.1.341. PMID:10611965 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.cellbio.15.1.341
  2. ↑ Hurst IR, Zuo J, Jiang J, Holliday LS. Actin-related protein 2/3 complex is required for actin ring formation. J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Mar;19(3):499-506. doi: 10.1359/JBMR.0301238. Epub 2003, Dec 22. PMID:15040839 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1359/JBMR.0301238
  3. ↑ Nie WF, Wang J. Actin-Related Protein 4 Interacts with PIE1 and Regulates Gene Expression in Arabidopsis. Genes (Basel). 2021 Apr 2;12(4). pii: genes12040520. doi: 10.3390/genes12040520. PMID:33918349 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12040520
  4. ↑ Kitamura H, Matsumori H, Kalendova A, Hozak P, Goldberg IG, Nakao M, Saitoh N, Harata M. The actin family protein ARP6 contributes to the structure and the function of the nucleolus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Aug 21;464(2):554-60. doi:, 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.005. Epub 2015 Jul 9. PMID:26164235 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.005
  5. ↑ Aoyama N, Oka A, Kitayama K, Kurumizaka H, Harata M. The actin-related protein hArp8 accumulates on the mitotic chromosomes and functions in chromosome alignment. Exp Cell Res. 2008 Feb 15;314(4):859-68. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.11.020. Epub, 2007 Dec 4. PMID:18163988 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.11.020
  6. ↑ Szerlong H, Saha A, Cairns BR. The nuclear actin-related proteins Arp7 and Arp9: a dimeric module that cooperates with architectural proteins for chromatin remodeling. EMBO J. 2003 Jun 16;22(12):3175-87. PMID:12805231 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/cdg296
  7. ↑ Kandasamy MK, McKinney EC, Meagher RB. ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN8 encodes an F-box protein localized to the nucleolus in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Physiol. 2008 May;49(5):858-63. PMID:18385164 doi:10.1093/pcp/pcn053
  8. ↑ Kahr WH, Pluthero FG, Elkadri A, Warner N, Drobac M, Chen CH, Lo RW, Li L, Li R, Li Q, Thoeni C, Pan J, Leung G, Lara-Corrales I, Murchie R, Cutz E, Laxer RM, Upton J, Roifman CM, Yeung RS, Brumell JH, Muise AM. Loss of the Arp2/3 complex component ARPC1B causes platelet abnormalities and predisposes to inflammatory disease. Nat Commun. 2017 Apr 3;8:14816. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14816. PMID:28368018 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14816
  9. ↑ Turegun B, Baker RW, Leschziner AE, Dominguez R. Actin-related proteins regulate the RSC chromatin remodeler by weakening intramolecular interactions of the Sth1 ATPase. Commun Biol. 2018;1. doi: 10.1038/s42003-017-0002-6. Epub 2018 Jan 22. PMID:29809203 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-017-0002-6

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