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Functional construct of the Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase bound to Calmodulin, ADP and to the A-484954 inhibitor and showing two conformations for the 498-520 loopFunctional construct of the Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase bound to Calmodulin, ADP and to the A-484954 inhibitor and showing two conformations for the 498-520 loop
Structural highlights
FunctionEF2K_HUMAN Threonine kinase that regulates protein synthesis by controlling the rate of peptide chain elongation. Upon activation by a variety of upstream kinases including AMPK or TRPM7, phosphorylates the elongation factor EEF2 at a single site, renders it unable to bind ribosomes and thus inactive. In turn, the rate of protein synthesis is reduced.[1] [2] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe calmodulin-activated alpha-kinase, eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF-2K), serves as a master regulator of translational elongation by specifically phosphorylating and reducing the ribosome affinity of the guanosine triphosphatase, eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2). Given its critical role in a fundamental cellular process, dysregulation of eEF-2K has been implicated in several human diseases, including those of the cardiovascular system, chronic neuropathies, and many cancers, making it a critical pharmacological target. In the absence of high-resolution structural information, high-throughput screening efforts have yielded small-molecule candidates that show promise as eEF-2K antagonists. Principal among these is the ATP-competitive pyrido-pyrimidinedione inhibitor, A-484954, which shows high specificity toward eEF-2K relative to a panel of "typical" protein kinases. A-484954 has been shown to have some degree of efficacy in animal models of several disease states. It has also been widely deployed as a reagent in eEF-2K-specific biochemical and cell-biological studies. However, given the absence of structural information, the precise mechanism of the A-484954-mediated inhibition of eEF-2K has remained obscure. Leveraging our identification of the calmodulin-activatable catalytic core of eEF-2K, and our recent determination of its long-elusive structure, here we present the structural basis for its specific inhibition by A-484954. This structure, which represents the first for an inhibitor-bound catalytic domain of a member of the alpha-kinase family, enables rationalization of the existing structure-activity relationship data for A-484954 variants and lays the groundwork for further optimization of this scaffold to attain enhanced specificity/potency against eEF-2K. Structure of the complex between calmodulin and a functional construct of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase bound to an ATP-competitive inhibitor.,Piserchio A, Isiorho EA, Dalby KN, Ghose R J Biol Chem. 2023 Jun;299(6):104813. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104813. Epub 2023 , May 11. PMID:37172726[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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