6c7x
Carbonic anhydrase 2 in complex with 2-chloro-5'-O-sulfamoyladenosineCarbonic anhydrase 2 in complex with 2-chloro-5'-O-sulfamoyladenosine
Structural highlights
DiseaseCAH2_HUMAN Defects in CA2 are the cause of osteopetrosis autosomal recessive type 3 (OPTB3) [MIM:259730; also known as osteopetrosis with renal tubular acidosis, carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome, Guibaud-Vainsel syndrome or marble brain disease. Osteopetrosis is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormally dense bone, due to defective resorption of immature bone. The disorder occurs in two forms: a severe autosomal recessive form occurring in utero, infancy, or childhood, and a benign autosomal dominant form occurring in adolescence or adulthood. Autosomal recessive osteopetrosis is usually associated with normal or elevated amount of non-functional osteoclasts. OPTB3 is associated with renal tubular acidosis, cerebral calcification (marble brain disease) and in some cases with mental retardation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] FunctionCAH2_HUMAN Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion into the anterior chamber of the eye.[6] [7] Publication Abstract from PubMedHere we report the synthesis of natural products (NPs) 5'-O-sulfamoyl adenosine 1 and 5'-O-sulfamoyl-2-chloroadenosine 2. As primary sulfamates these compounds represent an uncommon class of NPs, furthermore there are few NPs known that contain a NS bond. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for inhibition of carbonic anhydrases (CA), a metalloenzyme family where the primary sulfamate is known to coordinate to the active site zinc and form key hydrogen bonds with adjacent CA active site residues. Both NPs were good to moderate CA inhibitors, with compound 2 a 20-50-fold stronger CA inhibitor (Ki values 65-234nM) than compound 1. The protein X-ray crystal structures of 1 and 2 in complex with CA II show that it is not the halogen-hydrophobic interactions that give compound 2 a greater binding energy but a slight movement in orientation of the ribose ring that allows better hydrogen bonds to CA residues. Compounds 1 and 2 were further investigated for antimicrobial activity against a panel of microbes relevant to human health, including Gram-negative bacteria (4 strains), Gram-positive bacteria (1 strain) and yeast (2 strains). Antimicrobial activity and selectivity was observed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NP 1 was 10microM against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and NP 2 was 5microM against Gram-negative Escherichia coli. This is the first time that NP primary sulfamates have been assessed for inhibition and binding to CAs, with systematic antimicrobial activity studies also reported. Synthesis, structure and bioactivity of primary sulfamate-containing natural products.,Mujumdar P, Bua S, Supuran CT, Peat TS, Poulsen SA Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2018 Apr 16. pii: S0960-894X(18)30350-0. doi:, 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.04.038. PMID:29685656[8] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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