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The structure of Arabidopsis thaliana FUT1 in complex with GDPThe structure of Arabidopsis thaliana FUT1 in complex with GDP
Structural highlights
FunctionFUT1_ARATH Involved in cell wall biosynthesis. Is both necessary and sufficient for the addition of the terminal fucosyl residue on xyloglucan side chains, but is not involved in the fucosylation of other cell wall components (PubMed:10373113, PubMed:11743104, PubMed:11854459, PubMed:14730072). Associates with other xyloglucan-synthesizing enzymes to form multiprotein complexes for xyloglucan synthesis in the Golgi (PubMed:25392066).[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe mechanistic underpinnings of the complex process of plant polysaccharide biosynthesis are poorly understood, largely because of the resistance of glycosyltransferase (GT) enzymes to structural characterization. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a glycosyl transferase family 37 (GT37) fucosyltransferase 1 (AtFUT1) catalyzes the regiospecific transfer of terminal 1,2-fucosyl residues to xyloglucan side chains - a key step in the biosynthesis of fucosylated sidechains of galactoxyloglucan. We unravel the mechanistic basis for fucosylation by AtFUT1 with a multipronged approach involving protein expression, X-ray crystallography, mutagenesis experiments and molecular simulations. Mammalian cell culture expressions enable the sufficient production of the enzyme for X-ray crystallography, which reveals the structural architecture of AtFUT1 in complex with bound donor and acceptor substrate analogs. The lack of an appropriately positioned active site residue as a catalytic base leads us to propose an atypical water-mediated fucosylation mechanism facilitated by an H-bonded network, which is corroborated by mutagenesis experiments as well as detailed atomistic simulations. Structural, mutagenic and in silico studies of xyloglucan fucosylation in Arabidopsis thaliana suggest a water-mediated mechanism.,Urbanowicz BR, Bharadwaj VS, Alahuhta M, Pena MJ, Lunin VV, Bomble YJ, Wang S, Yang JY, Tuomivaara ST, Himmel ME, Moremen KW, York WS, Crowley MF Plant J. 2017 Sep;91(6):931-949. doi: 10.1111/tpj.13628. Epub 2017 Aug 28. PMID:28670741[6] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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