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A D-Pathway Mutation Decouples the Paracoccus Denitrificans Cytochrome c Oxidase by Altering the side chain orientation of a distant, conserved GlutamateA D-Pathway Mutation Decouples the Paracoccus Denitrificans Cytochrome c Oxidase by Altering the side chain orientation of a distant, conserved Glutamate
Structural highlights
FunctionCOX1B_PARDE Subunit I and II form the functional core of the enzyme complex. Electrons originating in cytochrome c are transferred via heme a and Cu(A) to the binuclear center formed by heme a3 and Cu(B). This cytochrome c oxidase shows proton pump activity across the membrane in addition to the electron transfer. Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedAsparagine 131, located near the cytoplasmic entrance of the D-pathway in subunit I of the Paracoccus denitrificans aa(3) cytochrome c oxidase, is a residue crucial for proton pumping. When replaced by an aspartate, the mutant enzyme is completely decoupled: while retaining full cytochrome c oxidation activity, it does not pump protons. The same phenotype is observed for two other substitutions at this position (N131E and N131C), whereas a conservative replacement by glutamine affects both activities of the enzyme. The N131D variant oxidase was crystallized and its structure was solved to 2.32-A resolution, revealing no significant overall change in the protein structure when compared with the wild type (WT), except for an alternative orientation of the E278 side chain in addition to its WT conformation. Moreover, remarkable differences in the crystallographically resolved chain of water molecules in the D-pathway are found for the variant: four water molecules that are observed in the water chain between N131 and E278 in the WT structure are not visible in the variant, indicating a higher mobility of these water molecules. Electrochemically induced Fourier transform infrared difference spectra of decoupled mutants confirm that the protonation state of E278 is unaltered by these mutations but indicate a distinct perturbation in the hydrogen-bonding environment of this residue. Furthermore, they suggest that the carboxylate side chain of the N131D mutant is deprotonated. These findings are discussed in terms of their mechanistic implications for proton routing through the D-pathway of cytochrome c oxidase. A D-pathway mutation decouples the Paracoccus denitrificans cytochrome c oxidase by altering the side-chain orientation of a distant conserved glutamate.,Durr KL, Koepke J, Hellwig P, Muller H, Angerer H, Peng G, Olkhova E, Richter OM, Ludwig B, Michel H J Mol Biol. 2008 Dec 26;384(4):865-77. Epub 2008 Oct 9. PMID:18930738[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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