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Crystal structure of yeast Esa1 histone acetyltransferase E338Q mutant complexed with acetyl coenzyme ACrystal structure of yeast Esa1 histone acetyltransferase E338Q mutant complexed with acetyl coenzyme A
Structural highlights
FunctionESA1_YEAST Catalytic component of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex which is involved in epigenetic transcriptional activation of selected genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H4, H3, H2B, H2A and H2A variant H2A.Z. Acetylates histone H4 to form H4K5ac, H4K8ac, H4K12ac and H4K16ac, histone H3 to form H3K14ac, histone H2B to form H2BK16ac, histone H2A to form H2AK4ac and H2AK7ac, and histone variant H2A.Z to form H2A.ZK14ac. Acetylation of histone H4 is essential for DNA double-strand break repair through homologous recombination. Involved in cell cycle progression. Recruitment to promoters depends on H3K4me.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedYeast ESA1 is a member of the MYST subfamily of histone acetyltransferases (HATs), which use acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) to acetylate specific Lys residues within histones to regulate gene expression. The structure of an ESA1-CoA complex reveals structural similarity to the catalytic core of the GCN5/PCAF subfamily of HAT proteins. Here we report additional structural and functional studies on ESA1 that demonstrate that histone acetylation proceeds through an acetyl-cysteine enzyme intermediate. This Cys residue is strictly conserved within the MYST members, suggesting a common mode of catalysis by this HAT subfamily. However, this mode of catalysis differs dramatically from the GCN5/PCAF subfamily, which mediate direct nucleophilic attack of the acetyl-CoA cofactor by the enzyme-deprotonated substrate lysine of the histone. These results demonstrate that different HAT subfamilies can use distinct catalytic mechanisms, which have implications for their distinct biological roles and for the development of HAT-specific inhibitors. The catalytic mechanism of the ESA1 histone acetyltransferase involves a self-acetylated intermediate.,Yan Y, Harper S, Speicher DW, Marmorstein R Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Nov;9(11):862-9. PMID:12368900[10] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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