User:Tsung-Yi Lin/Sandbox
HIV-1 proteaseHIV-1 protease
HIV-1 Protease is a viral aspartic protease that responsible for maturation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
HIV-1 protease cleaves an HIV precursor protein, which is glycoprotein (GP) 160 into gp41 and gp120. Gp120 protrudes from the surface of HIV and binds to CD4+ T cells and gp41 embedded in the outer envelope help gp120 bind CD4+ T cells, and they both play a role in HIV's infection of CD4+ T cells. Therefore, HIV-1 protease allow the virus to infect new cells by the cleave process. In other words, HIV-1 protease is responsible for maturation of the virion by cleaving proteins into their mature form.
Without effective HIV PR, HIV virions remain uninfectious. Thus, mutation of HIV-1 protease active site or inhibition of its activity disrupts HIV’s ability to replicate and infect additional cells, making HIV-1 protease inhibition the subject of much pharmaceutical research.
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