Structural highlightsFunctionPTR7_ARATH Dual affinity nitrate transporter. Involved in proton-dependent nitrate uptake and in the regulation of the nitrate transporter NRT2.1. Acts also as a nitrate sensor that trigger a specific signaling pathway stimulating lateral root growth and seed germination. The uptake activity is not required for sensor function. Displays an auxin transport facilitation inhibited by high nitrate concentration. Required to prevent auxin accumulation in preemerged lateral root primordia and young lateral roots when external nitrate concentration is low or null. May be involved in the basipetal transport of auxin out of the lateral root tips. Acts as a bidirectional transporter involved in root-to-shoot nitrate translocation.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
Publication Abstract from PubMed
The NRT1/PTR family of proton-coupled transporters are responsible for nitrogen assimilation in eukaryotes and bacteria through the uptake of peptides. However, in most plant species members of this family have evolved to transport nitrate as well as additional secondary metabolites and hormones. In response to falling nitrate levels, NRT1.1 is phosphorylated on an intracellular threonine that switches the transporter from a low-affinity to high-affinity state. Here we present both the apo and nitrate-bound crystal structures of Arabidopsis thaliana NRT1.1, which together with in vitro binding and transport data identify a key role for His 356 in nitrate binding. Our data support a model whereby phosphorylation increases structural flexibility and in turn the rate of transport. Comparison with peptide transporters further reveals how the NRT1/PTR family has evolved to recognize diverse nitrogenous ligands, while maintaining elements of a conserved coupling mechanism within this superfamily of nutrient transporters.
Molecular basis of nitrate uptake by the plant nitrate transporter NRT1.1.,Parker JL, Newstead S Nature. 2014 Mar 6;507(7490):68-72. doi: 10.1038/nature13116. Epub 2014 Feb 26. PMID:24572366[10]
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.
References
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- ↑ Wang R, Xing X, Wang Y, Tran A, Crawford NM. A genetic screen for nitrate regulatory mutants captures the nitrate transporter gene NRT1.1. Plant Physiol. 2009 Sep;151(1):472-8. doi: 10.1104/pp.109.140434. Epub 2009 Jul, 24. PMID:19633234 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.140434
- ↑ Krouk G, Lacombe B, Bielach A, Perrine-Walker F, Malinska K, Mounier E, Hoyerova K, Tillard P, Leon S, Ljung K, Zazimalova E, Benkova E, Nacry P, Gojon A. Nitrate-regulated auxin transport by NRT1.1 defines a mechanism for nutrient sensing in plants. Dev Cell. 2010 Jun 15;18(6):927-37. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.05.008. PMID:20627075 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2010.05.008
- ↑ Parker JL, Newstead S. Molecular basis of nitrate uptake by the plant nitrate transporter NRT1.1. Nature. 2014 Mar 6;507(7490):68-72. doi: 10.1038/nature13116. Epub 2014 Feb 26. PMID:24572366 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13116
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