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CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE REGULATORY DOMAIN OF EPAC2CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE REGULATORY DOMAIN OF EPAC2
Structural highlights
FunctionRPGF4_MOUSE Guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RAP1A, RAP1B and RAP2A small GTPases that is activated by binding cAMP. Seems not to activate RAB3A. Involved in cAMP-dependent, PKA-independent exocytosis through interaction with RIMS2.[1] Evolutionary Conservation Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf. Publication Abstract from PubMedCyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is a universal second messenger that, in eukaryotes, was believed to act only on cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and cyclic nucleotide-regulated ion channels. Recently, guanine nucleotide exchange factors specific for the small GTP-binding proteins Rap1 and Rap2 (Epacs) were described, which are also activated directly by cAMP. Here, we have determined the three-dimensional structure of the regulatory domain of Epac2, which consists of two cyclic nucleotide monophosphate (cNMP)-binding domains and one DEP (Dishevelled, Egl, Pleckstrin) domain. This is the first structure of a cNMP-binding domain in the absence of ligand, and comparison with previous structures, sequence alignment and biochemical experiments allow us to delineate a mechanism for cyclic nucleotide-mediated conformational change and activation that is most likely conserved for all cNMP-regulated proteins. We identify a hinge region that couples cAMP binding to a conformational change of the C-terminal regions. Mutations in the hinge of Epac can uncouple cAMP binding from its exchange activity. Structure and regulation of the cAMP-binding domains of Epac2.,Rehmann H, Prakash B, Wolf E, Rueppel A, de Rooij J, Bos JL, Wittinghofer A Nat Struct Biol. 2003 Jan;10(1):26-32. PMID:12469113[2] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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