Structural highlightsFunctionAHK5_ARATH Functions as a histidine kinase and transmits the stress signal to a downstream MAPK cascade. This protein undergoes an ATP-dependent autophosphorylation at a conserved histidine residue in the kinase core, and a phosphoryl group is then transferred to a conserved aspartate residue in the receiver domain. Negative regulator of the ETR1-dependent abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene signaling pathway that inhibits the root elongation. Promotes stomatal closure. Regulates stomatal opening by integrating multiple signals via hydrogen peroxide H(2)O(2) homeostasis in guard cells in an ABA-independent manner. May contribute to basal defense mechanisms by closing stomata in the presence of bacterial pathogens. Regulates both hormone levels and ROS production in response to stress. Required for full immunity to bacterial pathogen and necrotrophic fungus.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
References
- ↑ Iwama A, Yamashino T, Tanaka Y, Sakakibara H, Kakimoto T, Sato S, Kato T, Tabata S, Nagatani A, Mizuno T. AHK5 histidine kinase regulates root elongation through an ETR1-dependent abscisic acid and ethylene signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Physiol. 2007 Feb;48(2):375-80. Epub 2007 Jan 3. PMID:17202180 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcl065
- ↑ Tran LS, Urao T, Qin F, Maruyama K, Kakimoto T, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Functional analysis of AHK1/ATHK1 and cytokinin receptor histidine kinases in response to abscisic acid, drought, and salt stress in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Dec 18;104(51):20623-8. Epub 2007 Dec 12. PMID:18077346 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706547105
- ↑ Desikan R, Horak J, Chaban C, Mira-Rodado V, Witthoft J, Elgass K, Grefen C, Cheung MK, Meixner AJ, Hooley R, Neill SJ, Hancock JT, Harter K. The histidine kinase AHK5 integrates endogenous and environmental signals in Arabidopsis guard cells. PLoS One. 2008 Jun 18;3(6):e2491. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002491. PMID:18560512 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002491
- ↑ Pham J, Liu J, Bennett MH, Mansfield JW, Desikan R. Arabidopsis histidine kinase 5 regulates salt sensitivity and resistance against bacterial and fungal infection. New Phytol. 2012 Apr;194(1):168-80. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.04033.x. Epub, 2012 Jan 18. PMID:22256998 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.04033.x
- ↑ Pham J, Desikan R. Modulation of ROS production and hormone levels by AHK5 during abiotic and biotic stress signaling. Plant Signal Behav. 2012 Aug;7(8):893-7. doi: 10.4161/psb.20692. Epub 2012 Jul, 25. PMID:22827948 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/psb.20692
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