3ose
Structure of the Kinase Associated Domain 1 (KA1) from MARK1 kinaseStructure of the Kinase Associated Domain 1 (KA1) from MARK1 kinase
Structural highlights
Disease[MARK1_HUMAN] Note=Genetic variations in MARK1 may be associated with susceptibility to autism. MARK1 is overexpressed in the prefrontal cortex of patients with autism and causes changes in the function of cortical dendrites. Function[MARK1_HUMAN] Serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in cell polarity and microtubule dynamics regulation. Phosphorylates DCX, MAP2, MAP4 and MAPT/TAU. Involved in cell polarity by phosphorylating the microtubule-associated proteins MAP2, MAP4 and MAPT/TAU at KXGS motifs, causing detachment from microtubules, and their disassembly. Involved in the regulation of neuronal migration through its dual activities in regulating cellular polarity and microtubule dynamics, possibly by phosphorylating and regulating DCX. Also acts as a positive regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway, probably by mediating phosphorylation of dishevelled proteins (DVL1, DVL2 and/or DVL3).[1] [2] Publication Abstract from PubMedPhospholipid-binding modules such as PH, C1, and C2 domains play crucial roles in location-dependent regulation of many protein kinases. Here, we identify the KA1 domain (kinase associated-1 domain), found at the C terminus of yeast septin-associated kinases (Kcc4p, Gin4p, and Hsl1p) and human MARK/PAR1 kinases, as a membrane association domain that binds acidic phospholipids. Membrane localization of isolated KA1 domains depends on phosphatidylserine. Using X-ray crystallography, we identified a structurally conserved binding site for anionic phospholipids in KA1 domains from Kcc4p and MARK1. Mutating this site impairs membrane association of both KA1 domains and intact proteins and reveals the importance of phosphatidylserine for bud neck localization of yeast Kcc4p. Our data suggest that KA1 domains contribute to "coincidence detection," allowing kinases to bind other regulators (such as septins) only at the membrane surface. These findings have important implications for understanding MARK/PAR1 kinases, which are implicated in Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and autism. Kinase associated-1 domains drive MARK/PAR1 kinases to membrane targets by binding acidic phospholipids.,Moravcevic K, Mendrola JM, Schmitz KR, Wang YH, Slochower D, Janmey PA, Lemmon MA Cell. 2010 Dec 10;143(6):966-77. PMID:21145462[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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