3o71
Crystal structure of ERK2/DCC peptide complexCrystal structure of ERK2/DCC peptide complex
Structural highlights
Function[MK01_RAT] Serine/threonine kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. MAPK1/ERK2 and MAPK3/ERK1 are the 2 MAPKs which play an important role in the MAPK/ERK cascade. They participate also in a signaling cascade initiated by activated KIT and KITLG/SCF. Depending on the cellular context, the MAPK/ERK cascade mediates diverse biological functions such as cell growth, adhesion, survival and differentiation through the regulation of transcription, translation, cytoskeletal rearrangements. The MAPK/ERK cascade plays also a role in initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors. About 160 substrates have already been discovered for ERKs. Many of these substrates are localized in the nucleus, and seem to participate in the regulation of transcription upon stimulation. However, other substrates are found in the cytosol as well as in other cellular organelles, and those are responsible for processes such as translation, mitosis and apoptosis. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK cascade is also involved in the regulation of the endosomal dynamics, including lysosome processing and endosome cycling through the perinuclear recycling compartment (PNRC); as well as in the fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus during mitosis. The substrates include transcription factors (such as ATF2, BCL6, ELK1, ERF, FOS, HSF4 or SPZ1), cytoskeletal elements (such as CANX, CTTN, GJA1, MAP2, MAPT, PXN, SORBS3 or STMN1), regulators of apoptosis (such as BAD, BTG2, CASP9, DAPK1, IER3, MCL1 or PPARG), regulators of translation (such as EIF4EBP1) and a variety of other signaling-related molecules (like ARHGEF2, DCC, FRS2 or GRB10). Protein kinases (such as RAF1, RPS6KA1/RSK1, RPS6KA3/RSK2, RPS6KA2/RSK3, RPS6KA6/RSK4, SYK, MKNK1/MNK1, MKNK2/MNK2, RPS6KA5/MSK1, RPS6KA4/MSK2, MAPKAPK3 or MAPKAPK5) and phosphatases (such as DUSP1, DUSP4, DUSP6 or DUSP16) are other substrates which enable the propagation the MAPK/ERK signal to additional cytosolic and nuclear targets, thereby extending the specificity of the cascade. May play a role in the spindle assembly checkpoint.[1] Acts as a transcriptional repressor. Binds to a [GC]AAA[GC] consensus sequence. Repress the expression of interferon gamma-induced genes. Seems to bind to the promoter of CCL5, DMP1, IFIH1, IFITM1, IRF7, IRF9, LAMP3, OAS1, OAS2, OAS3 and STAT1. Transcriptional activity is independent of kinase activity (By similarity).[2] [DCC_RAT] Receptor for netrin required for axon guidance. Mediates axon attraction of neuronal growth cones in the developing nervous system upon ligand binding. Its association with UNC5 proteins may trigger signaling for axon repulsion. It also acts as a dependence receptor required for apoptosis induction when not associated with netrin ligand. Implicated as a tumor suppressor gene (By similarity).[3] Publication Abstract from PubMedNetrin receptor DCC plays critical roles in many cellular processes, including axonal outgrowth and migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, but the molecular basis of DCC-mediated signaling is largely unclear. ERK2, a member of the MAPK family, is one of the few proteins known to be involved in DCC-mediated signaling. Here, we report that ERK2 directly interacts with DCC, and the ERK2-binding region was mapped to the conserved intracellular P1 domain of the receptor. The structure of ERK2 in complex with the P1 domain of DCC reveals that DCC contains a MAPK docking motif. The docking of the P1 domain onto ERK2 physically positions several phosphorylation sites of DCC in the vicinity of the kinase active site. We further show that the docking interaction between the P1 domain and ERK2 is essential for the ERK2-mediated phosphorylation of DCC. We conclude that DCC signaling is directly coupled with MAPK signaling cascades. Phosphorylation of DCC by ERK2 is facilitated by direct docking of the receptor P1 domain to the kinase.,Ma W, Shang Y, Wei Z, Wen W, Wang W, Zhang M Structure. 2010 Nov 10;18(11):1502-11. PMID:21070949[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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