1cm4
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MOTIONS OF CALMODULIN-FOUR-CONFORMER REFINEMENT
OverviewOverview
BACKGROUND: Calmodulin is a calcium-activated regulatory protein which can, bind to many different targets. The protein resembles a highly flexible, dumbbell, and bends in the middle as it binds. This and other motions must, be understood to formulate a realistic model of calmodulin function., RESULTS: Using the Bragg reflections from X-ray crystallography, a, multiple-conformer refinement of a calmodulin-peptide complex shows, anisotropic displacements, with high variations of dihedral angles in, several nonhelical domains: the flexible linker; three of the four, calcium-binding sites (including both of the N-terminal sites); and a turn, connecting the C-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding domains., Three-dimensional maps of the large scale diffuse X-ray scattering data, show isotropic liquid-like motions with an unusually small correlation, length. Three-dimensional maps of the small scale diffuse streaks show, highly coupled, anisotropic motions along the head-to-tail molecular, packing direction in the unit cell. There is also weak coupling, perpendicular to the head-to-tail packing direction, particularly across a, cavity occupied by the disordered linker domain of the molecule., CONCLUSIONS: Together, the Bragg and diffuse scattering present a, self-consistent description of the motions in the flexible linker of, calmodulin. The other mobile regions of the protein are also of great, interest. In particular, the high variations in the calcium-binding sites, are likely to influence how strongly they bind ions. This is especially, important in the N-terminal sites, which regulate the activity of the, molecule.
DiseaseDisease
Known diseases associated with this structure: Cavernous malformations of CNS and retina OMIM:[604214], Cerebral cavernous malformations-1 OMIM:[604214], Hyperkeratotic cutaneous capillary-venous malformations associated with cerebral capillary malformations OMIM:[604214], Leukemia, acute T-cell lymphoblastic OMIM:[603025], Leukemia, acute myeloid OMIM:[603025]
About this StructureAbout this Structure
1CM4 is a Protein complex structure of sequences from Bos taurus with CA as ligand. Active as Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, with EC number 2.7.11.17 Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
ReferenceReference
Motions of calmodulin characterized using both Bragg and diffuse X-ray scattering., Wall ME, Clarage JB, Phillips GN, Structure. 1997 Dec 15;5(12):1599-612. PMID:9438860
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