7jl5
Crystal structure of human NEIL3 tandem zinc finger GRF domainsCrystal structure of human NEIL3 tandem zinc finger GRF domains
Structural highlights
Function[NEIL3_HUMAN] DNA glycosylase which prefers single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), or partially ssDNA structures such as bubble and fork structures, to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). In vitro, displays strong glycosylase activity towards the hydantoin lesions spiroiminodihydantoin (Sp) and guanidinohydantoin (Gh) in both ssDNA and dsDNA; also recognizes FapyA, FapyG, 5-OHU, 5-OHC, 5-OHMH, Tg and 8-oxoA lesions in ssDNA. No activity on 8-oxoG detected. Also shows weak DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase activity. In vivo, appears to be the primary enzyme involved in removing Sp and Gh from ssDNA in neonatal tissues. Seems to be an important facilitator of cell proliferation in certain populations, for example neural stem/progenitor cells and tumor cells, suggesting a role in replication-associated DNA repair.[1] [2] [3] [4] Publication Abstract from PubMedThe NEIL3 DNA glycosylase maintains genome integrity during replication by excising oxidized bases from single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and unhooking interstrand cross-links (ICLs) at fork structures. In addition to its N-terminal catalytic glycosylase domain, NEIL3 contains two tandem C-terminal GRF-type zinc fingers that are absent in the other NEIL paralogs. ssDNA binding by the GRF-ZF motifs helps recruit NEIL3 to replication forks converged at an ICL, but the nature of DNA binding and the effect of the GRF-ZF domain on catalysis of base excision and ICL unhooking is unknown. Here, we show that the tandem GRF-ZFs of NEIL3 provide affinity and specificity for DNA that is greater than each individual motif alone. The crystal structure of the GRF domain shows the tandem ZF motifs adopt a flexible head-to-tail configuration well-suited for binding to multiple ssDNA conformations. Functionally, we establish that the NEIL3 GRF domain inhibits glycosylase activity against monoadducts and ICLs. This autoinhibitory activity contrasts GRF-ZF domains of other DNA processing enzymes, which typically use ssDNA binding to enhance catalytic activity, and suggests that the C-terminal region of NEIL3 is involved in both DNA damage recruitment and enzymatic regulation. An autoinhibitory role for the GRF zinc finger domain of DNA glycosylase NEIL3.,Rodriguez AA, Wojtaszek JL, Greer BH, Haldar T, Gates KS, Williams RS, Eichman BF J Biol Chem. 2020 Sep 2. pii: RA120.015541. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.015541. PMID:32878989[5] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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