6mmx

Triheteromeric NMDA receptor GluN1/GluN2A/GluN2A* in the 'Extended' conformation, in complex with glycine and glutamate, in the presence of 1 micromolar zinc chloride, and at pH 7.4Triheteromeric NMDA receptor GluN1/GluN2A/GluN2A* in the 'Extended' conformation, in complex with glycine and glutamate, in the presence of 1 micromolar zinc chloride, and at pH 7.4

6mmx, resolution 6.99Å

Structural highlights

6mmx is a 4 chain structure with sequence from Buffalo rat. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:
Gene:	Grin1, Nmdar1 (Buffalo rat), Grin2a (Buffalo rat)
Experimental data:	Check
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

[NMDZ1_RAT] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels possesses high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine. Plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, excitotoxicity, memory acquisition and learning. It mediates neuronal functions in glutamate neurotransmission. Is involved in the cell surface targeting of NMDA receptors.^[1] [NMDE1_RAT] NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels possesses high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Activation requires binding of agonist to both types of subunits.

Publication Abstract from PubMed

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play essential roles in memory formation, neuronal plasticity, and brain development, with their dysfunction linked to a range of disorders from ischemia to schizophrenia. Zinc and pH are physiological allosteric modulators of NMDARs, with GluN2A-containing receptors inhibited by nanomolar concentrations of divalent zinc and by excursions to low pH. Despite the widespread importance of zinc and proton modulation of NMDARs, the molecular mechanism by which these ions modulate receptor activity has proven elusive. Here, we use cryoelectron microscopy to elucidate the structure of the GluN1/GluN2A NMDAR in a large ensemble of conformations under a range of physiologically relevant zinc and proton concentrations. We show how zinc binding to the amino terminal domain elicits structural changes that are transduced though the ligand-binding domain and result in constriction of the ion channel gate.

Mechanisms for Zinc and Proton Inhibition of the GluN1/GluN2A NMDA Receptor.,Jalali-Yazdi F, Chowdhury S, Yoshioka C, Gouaux E Cell. 2018 Nov 29;175(6):1520-1532.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.043. PMID:30500536^[2]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Inanobe A, Furukawa H, Gouaux E. Mechanism of partial agonist action at the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors. Neuron. 2005 Jul 7;47(1):71-84. PMID:15996549 doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.05.022
↑ Jalali-Yazdi F, Chowdhury S, Yoshioka C, Gouaux E. Mechanisms for Zinc and Proton Inhibition of the GluN1/GluN2A NMDA Receptor. Cell. 2018 Nov 29;175(6):1520-1532.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.043. PMID:30500536 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.043

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OCA

[1] Inanobe A, Furukawa H, Gouaux E. Mechanism of partial agonist action at the NR1 subunit of NMDA receptors. Neuron. 2005 Jul 7;47(1):71-84. PMID:15996549 doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.05.022

[2] Jalali-Yazdi F, Chowdhury S, Yoshioka C, Gouaux E. Mechanisms for Zinc and Proton Inhibition of the GluN1/GluN2A NMDA Receptor. Cell. 2018 Nov 29;175(6):1520-1532.e15. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.043. PMID:30500536 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.043

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