1av4
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE COPPER-CONTAINING AMINE OXIDASE FROM ARTHROBACTER GLOBIFORMIS IN THE HOLO-AND APO-FORMS: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE BIOGENESIS OF TOPA QUINONE
OverviewOverview
The crystal structures of the copper enzyme phenylethylamine oxidase from the Gram-positive bacterium Arthrobacter globiformis (AGAO) have been determined and refined for three forms of the enzyme: the holoenzyme in its active form (at 2.2 A resolution), the holoenzyme in an inactive form (at 2.8 A resolution), and the apoenzyme (at 2.2 A resolution). The holoenzyme has a topaquinone (TPQ) cofactor formed from the apoenzyme by the post-translational modification of a tyrosine residue in the presence of Cu2+. Significant differences between the three forms of AGAO are limited to the active site. The polypeptide fold is closely similar to those of the amine oxidases from Escherichia coli [Parsons, M. R., et al. (1995) Structure 3, 1171-1184] and pea seedlings [Kumar, V., et al. (1996) Structure 4, 943-955]. In the active form of holo-AGAO, the active-site Cu atom is coordinated by three His residues and two water molecules in an approximately square-pyramidal arrangement. In the inactive form, the Cu atom is coordinated by the same three His residues and by the phenolic oxygen of the TPQ, the geometry being quasi-trigonal-pyramidal. There is evidence of disorder in the crystals of both forms of holo-AGAO. As a result, only the position of the aromatic group of the TPQ cofactor, but not its orientation about the Cbeta-Cgamma bond, is determined unequivocally. In apo-AGAO, electron density consistent with an unmodified Tyr occurs at a position close to that of the TPQ in the inactive holo-AGAO. This observation has implications for the biogenesis of TPQ. Two features which have not been described previously in amine oxidase structures are a channel from the molecular surface to the active site and a solvent-filled cavity at the major interface between the two subunits of the dimer.
About this StructureAbout this Structure
1AV4 is a Single protein structure of sequence from Arthrobacter globiformis. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
ReferenceReference
Crystal structures of the copper-containing amine oxidase from Arthrobacter globiformis in the holo and apo forms: implications for the biogenesis of topaquinone., Wilce MC, Dooley DM, Freeman HC, Guss JM, Matsunami H, McIntire WS, Ruggiero CE, Tanizawa K, Yamaguchi H, Biochemistry. 1997 Dec 23;36(51):16116-33. PMID:9405045 Page seeded by OCA on Fri May 2 10:43:42 2008