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RNA polymerase II elongation complex bound with Spt4/5 and foreign DNA, stalled at SHL(-1) of the nucleosomeRNA polymerase II elongation complex bound with Spt4/5 and foreign DNA, stalled at SHL(-1) of the nucleosome
Structural highlights
Function[H2B1J_HUMAN] Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.[1] [2] [3] Has broad antibacterial activity. May contribute to the formation of the functional antimicrobial barrier of the colonic epithelium, and to the bactericidal activity of amniotic fluid.[4] [5] [6] [C4QZQ7_KOMPG] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[RuleBase:RU363031] [C4R4Y0_KOMPG] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[RuleBase:RU004279] [C4R0E6_KOMPG] The SPT4-SPT5 complex mediates both activation and inhibition of transcription elongation, and plays a role in pre-mRNA processing. This complex seems to be important for the stability of the RNA polymerase II elongation machinery on the chromatin template but not for the inherent ability of this machinery to translocate down the gene.[PIRNR:PIRNR025023] [F2QPE6_KOMPC] DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.[PIRNR:PIRNR005586] Publication Abstract from PubMedRNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcribes chromosomal DNA that contains multiple nucleosomes. The nucleosome forms transcriptional barriers, and nucleosomal transcription requires several additional factors in vivo. We demonstrate that the transcription elongation factors Elf1 and Spt4/5 cooperatively lower the barriers and increase the RNAPII processivity in the nucleosome. The cryo-electron microscopy structures of the nucleosome-transcribing RNAPII elongation complexes (ECs) reveal that Elf1 and Spt4/5 reshape the EC downstream edge and intervene between RNAPII and the nucleosome. They facilitate RNAPII progression through superhelical location SHL(-1) by adjusting the nucleosome in favor of the forward progression. They suppress pausing at SHL(-5) by preventing the stable RNAPII-nucleosome interaction. Thus, the EC overcomes the nucleosomal barriers while providing a platform for various chromatin functions. Structural insight into nucleosome transcription by RNA polymerase II with elongation factors.,Ehara H, Kujirai T, Fujino Y, Shirouzu M, Kurumizaka H, Sekine SI Science. 2019 Feb 15;363(6428):744-747. doi: 10.1126/science.aav8912. Epub 2019, Feb 7. PMID:30733384[7] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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