6nuc
Structure of Calcineurin in complex with NHE1 peptideStructure of Calcineurin in complex with NHE1 peptide
Structural highlights
Function[PP2BA_HUMAN] Calcium-dependent, calmodulin-stimulated protein phosphatase. This subunit may have a role in the calmodulin activation of calcineurin. Dephosphorylates DNM1L, HSPB1 and SSH1.[1] [2] [SL9A1_HUMAN] Involved in pH regulation to eliminate acids generated by active metabolism or to counter adverse environmental conditions. Major proton extruding system driven by the inward sodium ion chemical gradient. Plays an important role in signal transduction.[3] [4] [5] [CANB1_HUMAN] Regulatory subunit of calcineurin, a calcium-dependent, calmodulin stimulated protein phosphatase. Confers calcium sensitivity. Publication Abstract from PubMedVery little is known about how Ser/Thr protein phosphatases specifically recruit and dephosphorylate substrates. Here, we identify how the Na(+)/H(+)-exchanger 1 (NHE1), a key regulator of cellular pH homeostasis, is regulated by the Ser/Thr phosphatase calcineurin (CN). NHE1 activity is increased by phosphorylation of NHE1 residue T779, which is specifically dephosphorylated by CN. While it is known that Ser/Thr protein phosphatases prefer pThr over pSer, we show that this preference is not key to this exquisite CN selectivity. Rather a combination of molecular mechanisms, including recognition motifs, dynamic charge-charge interactions and a substrate interaction pocket lead to selective dephosphorylation of pT779. Our data identify T779 as a site regulating NHE1-mediated cellular acid extrusion and provides a molecular understanding of NHE1 substrate selection by CN, specifically, and how phosphatases recruit specific substrates, generally. Molecular basis for the binding and selective dephosphorylation of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 by calcineurin.,Hendus-Altenburger R, Wang X, Sjogaard-Frich LM, Pedraz-Cuesta E, Sheftic SR, Bendsoe AH, Page R, Kragelund BB, Pedersen SF, Peti W Nat Commun. 2019 Aug 2;10(1):3489. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-11391-7. PMID:31375679[6] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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