5j4d
E. coli release factor 1 bound to the 70S ribosome in response to a pseudouridylated stop codonE. coli release factor 1 bound to the 70S ribosome in response to a pseudouridylated stop codon
Structural highlights
Warning: this is a large structure, and loading might take a long time or not happen at all. Function[RL23_THET2] One of the early assembly proteins it binds 23S rRNA. One of the proteins that surrounds the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the ribosome. Forms the main docking site for trigger factor binding to the ribosome (By similarity). [RL4_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, this protein initially binds near the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome (By similarity). Forms part of the polypeptide exit tunnel (By similarity). [RL19_THET2] This protein is located at the 30S-50S ribosomal subunit interface and may play a role in the structure and function of the aminoacyl-tRNA binding site (By similarity). [RL20_THET2] Binds directly to 23S ribosomal RNA and is necessary for the in vitro assembly process of the 50S ribosomal subunit. It is not involved in the protein synthesizing functions of that subunit (By similarity). [RL18_THET2] This is one of the proteins that binds and probably mediates the attachment of the 5S RNA into the large ribosomal subunit, where it forms part of the central protuberance (By similarity). [RS10_THET2] Involved in the binding of tRNA to the ribosomes (By similarity). [RSHX_THET2] Binds at the top of the head of the 30S subunit. It stabilizes a number of different RNA elements and thus is important for subunit structure (By similarity). [RL31_THET2] Binds the 23S rRNA (By similarity). [RS6_THET2] Located on the outer edge of the platform on the body of the 30S subunit (By similarity). [RL22_THET2] This protein binds specifically to 23S rRNA; its binding is stimulated by other ribosomal proteins, e.g. L4, L17, and L20. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly. It makes multiple contacts with different domains of the 23S rRNA in the assembled 50S subunit and ribosome (By similarity). The globular domain of the protein is located near the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the subunit, while an extended beta-hairpin is found that lines the wall of the exit tunnel in the center of the 70S ribosome (By similarity). [RL16_THET2] Binds 23S rRNA and is also seen to make contacts with the A and possibly P site tRNAs (By similarity). [RS15_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it helps nucleate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit by binding and bridging several RNA helices of the 16S rRNA (By similarity). Forms an intersubunit bridge (bridge B4) with the 23S rRNA of the 50S subunit in the ribosome (By similarity). [RL27_THET8] Found on the solvent side of the large subunit.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00539] [RL9_THET2] Binds to the 23S rRNA (By similarity). [RL34_THET8] Found on the solvent side of the large subunit.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00391] [RF1_ECOLI] Peptide chain release factor 1 directs the termination of translation in response to the peptide chain termination codons UAG and UAA.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_00093] [RL13_THET2] This protein is one of the early assembly proteins of the 50S ribosomal subunit, although it is not seen to bind rRNA by itself. It is important during the early stages of 50S assembly (By similarity). [RS19_THET2] Protein S19 forms a complex with S13 that binds strongly to the 16S ribosomal RNA (By similarity). [RS14Z_THET2] Binds 16S rRNA, required for the assembly of 30S particles and may also be responsible for determining the conformation of the 16S rRNA at the A site (By similarity). [RS8_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA central domain where it helps coordinate assembly of the platform of the 30S subunit (By similarity). [RL24_THET2] One of two assembly initiator proteins, it binds directly to the 5'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit (By similarity). One of the proteins that surrounds the polypeptide exit tunnel on the outside of the subunit (By similarity). [RS12_THET2] With S4 and S5 plays an important role in translational accuracy (By similarity). Interacts with and stabilizes bases of the 16S rRNA that are involved in tRNA selection in the A site and with the mRNA backbone. Located at the interface of the 30S and 50S subunits, it traverses the body of the 30S subunit contacting proteins on the other side and probably holding the rRNA structure together. The combined cluster of proteins S8, S12 and S17 appears to hold together the shoulder and platform of the 30S subunit (By similarity). [RL15_THET2] Binds to the 23S rRNA (By similarity). [RL25_THET2] This is one of the proteins that binds to the 5S RNA in the ribosome where it forms part of the central protuberance (By similarity). [RL32_THET2] Found on the solvent side of the large subunit (By similarity). [RL3_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly near the 3'-end of the 23S rRNA, where it nucleates assembly of the 50S subunit (By similarity). [RS16_THET2] Binds to the lower part of the body of the 30S subunit, where it stabilizes two of its domains (By similarity). [RS5_THET2] With S4 and S12 plays an important role in translational accuracy (By similarity). Located at the back of the 30S subunit body where it stabilizes the conformation of the head with respect to the body (By similarity). [RS2_THET2] Spans the head-body hinge region of the 30S subunit. Is loosely associated with the 30S subunit (By similarity). [RS17_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds specifically to the 5'-end of 16S ribosomal RNA (By similarity). [RL6_THET2] This protein binds to the 23S rRNA, and is important in its secondary structure. It is located near the subunit interface in the base of the L7/L12 stalk, and near the tRNA binding site of the peptidyltransferase center (By similarity). [RS7_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it nucleates assembly of the head domain of the 30S subunit. Is located at the subunit interface close to the decoding center, probably blocks exit of the E-site tRNA (By similarity). [RL14_THET2] Binds to 23S rRNA. Forms part of two intersubunit bridges in the 70S ribosome (By similarity). [RS13_THET2] Located at the top of the head of the 30S subunit, it contacts several helices of the 16S rRNA. In the 70S ribosome it contacts the 23S rRNA (bridge B1a) and protein L5 of the 50S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; these bridges are implicated in subunit movement. Contacts the tRNAs in the A and P-sites (By similarity). [RS18_THET2] Binds as a heterodimer with protein S6 to the central domain of the 16S rRNA, where it helps stabilize the platform of the 30S subunit (By similarity). [RS4_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins, it binds directly to 16S rRNA where it helps nucleate assembly of the body and platform of the 30S subunit (By similarity). [RL5_THET2] This is 1 of the proteins that binds and probably mediates the attachment of the 5S RNA into the large ribosomal subunit, where it forms part of the central protuberance. In the 70S ribosome it contacts protein S13 of the 30S subunit (bridge B1b), connecting the 2 subunits; this bridge is implicated in subunit movement. Contacts the P site tRNA; the 5S rRNA and some of its associated proteins might help stabilize positioning of ribosome-bound tRNAs (By similarity). [RS11_THET2] Located on the upper part of the platform of the 30S subunit, where it bridges several disparate RNA helices of the 16S rRNA. Forms part of the Shine-Dalgarno cleft in the 70S ribosome (By similarity). [RS3_THET2] Binds the lower part of the 30S subunit head. Binds mRNA in the 70S ribosome, positioning it for translation (By similarity). [RS9_THET2] Part of the top of the head of the 30S subunit. The C-terminal region penetrates the head emerging in the P-site where it contacts tRNA (By similarity). [RL21_THET2] This protein binds to 23S rRNA in the presence of protein L20 (By similarity). [RS20_THET2] Binds directly to 16S ribosomal RNA (By similarity). [RL2_THET2] One of the primary rRNA binding proteins. Required for association of the 30S and 50S subunits to form the 70S ribosome, for tRNA binding and peptide bond formation. It has been suggested to have peptidyltransferase activity; this is somewhat controversial. Makes several contacts with the 16S rRNA in the 70S ribosome (By similarity). Publication Abstract from PubMedPseudouridylation of messenger RNA emerges as an abundant modification involved in gene expression regulation. Pseudouridylation of stop codons in eukaryotic and bacterial cells results in stop-codon read through. The structural mechanism of this phenomenon is not known. Here we present a 3.1-A crystal structure of Escherichia coli release factor 1 (RF1) bound to the 70S ribosome in response to the PsiAA codon. The structure reveals that recognition of a modified stop codon does not differ from that of a canonical stop codon. Our in vitro biochemical results support this finding by yielding nearly identical rates for peptide release from E. coli ribosomes programmed with pseudouridylated and canonical stop codons. The crystal structure also brings insight into E. coli RF1-specific interactions and suggests involvement of L27 in bacterial translation termination. Our results are consistent with a mechanism in which read through of a pseudouridylated stop codon in bacteria results from increased decoding by near-cognate tRNAs (miscoding) rather than from decreased efficiency of termination. Structural Basis for Translation Termination on a Pseudouridylated Stop Codon.,Svidritskiy E, Madireddy R, Korostelev AA J Mol Biol. 2016 May 22;428(10 Pt B):2228-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.04.018., Epub 2016 Apr 20. PMID:27107638[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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