Anthrax edema factor

Function

Anthrax edema factor (EF) is an enzyme which is part of the Bacillus anthracis anthrax toxin. The full anthrax toxin is composed of a cell-binding protein (protective antigen), lethal factor and EF. The EF is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent adenylate cyclase. The binding of calmodulin to EF changes it from its non-active form to the active one.^[1]

Disease

The anthrax disease is caused by the invasion of cells by the bacteria followed by increasing the cellular level of cAMP thus upsetting water homeostasis and causing disruption of signaling pathways.

Structural highlights

EF trimer (magenta, cyan, salmon) complex with calmodulin (yellow) and adenine diphosphate derivative, Ca+2 (light green) and Yt+3 (green) ions (PDB code 1pk0).

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3D structures of anthrax edema factor3D structures of anthrax edema factor

Updated on 07-December-2015

1lvc – EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + anthraniloyl-deoxy-ATP
1pk0 - EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + phosphonylmethoxyethyl-ADP
1s26 - EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + methylene-ATP
1sk6 - EF adenylate cyclase domain C terminal + calmodulin + pyrophosphate + cAMP
1xfu - EF (mutant) + calmodulin
1xfv - EF + calmodulin + deoxy-ATP
1xfw - EF + calmodulin + cAMP
1xfx, 1xfy, 1xfz - EF + calmodulin

ReferencesReferences

↑ Abrami L, Reig N, van der Goot FG. Anthrax toxin: the long and winding road that leads to the kill. Trends Microbiol. 2005 Feb;13(2):72-8. PMID:15680766 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2004.12.004

Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)Proteopedia Page Contributors and Editors (what is this?)

Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky

[1] Abrami L, Reig N, van der Goot FG. Anthrax toxin: the long and winding road that leads to the kill. Trends Microbiol. 2005 Feb;13(2):72-8. PMID:15680766 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2004.12.004

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