2aux

Cathepsin K complexed with a semicarbazone inhibitorCathepsin K complexed with a semicarbazone inhibitor

Structural highlights

2aux is a 1 chain structure with sequence from Homo sapiens. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Method:	X-ray diffraction, Resolution 2.4Å
Ligands:
Resources:	FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Disease

CATK_HUMAN Defects in CTSK are the cause of pycnodysostosis (PKND) [MIM:265800. PKND is an autosomal recessive osteochondrodysplasia characterized by osteosclerosis and short stature.^[1] ^[2] ^[3] ^[4]

Function

CATK_HUMAN Closely involved in osteoclastic bone resorption and may participate partially in the disorder of bone remodeling. Displays potent endoprotease activity against fibrinogen at acid pH. May play an important role in extracellular matrix degradation.

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

Publication Abstract from PubMed

Starting from potent aldehyde inhibitors with poor drug properties, derivatization to semicarbazones led to the identification of a series of semicarbazone-based cathepsin K inhibitors with greater solubility and better pharmacokinetic profiles than their parent aldehydes. Furthermore, a representative semicarbazone inhibitor attenuated bone resorption in an ex vivo rat calvarial bone resorption model. However, based on enzyme inhibition comparisons at neutral pH, semicarbazone hydrolysis rates, and 13C NMR experiments, these semicarbazones probably function as prodrugs of aldehydes.

Semicarbazone-based inhibitors of cathepsin K, are they prodrugs for aldehyde inhibitors?,Adkison KK, Barrett DG, Deaton DN, Gampe RT, Hassell AM, Long ST, McFadyen RB, Miller AB, Miller LR, Payne JA, Shewchuk LM, Wells-Knecht KJ, Willard DH Jr, Wright LL Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Feb 15;16(4):978-83. Epub 2005 Nov 15. PMID:16290936^[5]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

References

↑ Gelb BD, Shi GP, Chapman HA, Desnick RJ. Pycnodysostosis, a lysosomal disease caused by cathepsin K deficiency. Science. 1996 Aug 30;273(5279):1236-8. PMID:8703060
↑ Gelb BD, Willner JP, Dunn TM, Kardon NB, Verloes A, Poncin J, Desnick RJ. Paternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 1 revealed by molecular analysis of a patient with pycnodysostosis. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Apr;62(4):848-54. PMID:9529353 doi:S0002-9297(07)60977-X
↑ Ho N, Punturieri A, Wilkin D, Szabo J, Johnson M, Whaley J, Davis J, Clark A, Weiss S, Francomano C. Mutations of CTSK result in pycnodysostosis via a reduction in cathepsin K protein. J Bone Miner Res. 1999 Oct;14(10):1649-53. PMID:10491211
↑ Haagerup A, Hertz JM, Christensen MF, Binderup H, Kruse TA. Cathepsin K gene mutations and 1q21 haplotypes in at patients with pycnodysostosis in an outbred population. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Jun;8(6):431-6. PMID:10878663 doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200481
↑ Adkison KK, Barrett DG, Deaton DN, Gampe RT, Hassell AM, Long ST, McFadyen RB, Miller AB, Miller LR, Payne JA, Shewchuk LM, Wells-Knecht KJ, Willard DH Jr, Wright LL. Semicarbazone-based inhibitors of cathepsin K, are they prodrugs for aldehyde inhibitors? Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Feb 15;16(4):978-83. Epub 2005 Nov 15. PMID:16290936 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.10.108

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OCA

[1] Gelb BD, Shi GP, Chapman HA, Desnick RJ. Pycnodysostosis, a lysosomal disease caused by cathepsin K deficiency. Science. 1996 Aug 30;273(5279):1236-8. PMID:8703060

[2] Gelb BD, Willner JP, Dunn TM, Kardon NB, Verloes A, Poncin J, Desnick RJ. Paternal uniparental disomy for chromosome 1 revealed by molecular analysis of a patient with pycnodysostosis. Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Apr;62(4):848-54. PMID:9529353 doi:S0002-9297(07)60977-X

[3] Ho N, Punturieri A, Wilkin D, Szabo J, Johnson M, Whaley J, Davis J, Clark A, Weiss S, Francomano C. Mutations of CTSK result in pycnodysostosis via a reduction in cathepsin K protein. J Bone Miner Res. 1999 Oct;14(10):1649-53. PMID:10491211

[4] Haagerup A, Hertz JM, Christensen MF, Binderup H, Kruse TA. Cathepsin K gene mutations and 1q21 haplotypes in at patients with pycnodysostosis in an outbred population. Eur J Hum Genet. 2000 Jun;8(6):431-6. PMID:10878663 doi:10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200481

[5] Adkison KK, Barrett DG, Deaton DN, Gampe RT, Hassell AM, Long ST, McFadyen RB, Miller AB, Miller LR, Payne JA, Shewchuk LM, Wells-Knecht KJ, Willard DH Jr, Wright LL. Semicarbazone-based inhibitors of cathepsin K, are they prodrugs for aldehyde inhibitors? Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Feb 15;16(4):978-83. Epub 2005 Nov 15. PMID:16290936 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.10.108

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