5vaq
Crystal Structure of Beta-Klotho in Complex with FGF21CTCrystal Structure of Beta-Klotho in Complex with FGF21CT
Structural highlights
Function[KLOTB_HUMAN] Contributes to the transcriptional repression of cholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1), the rate-limiting enzyme in bile acid synthesis. Probably inactive as a glycosidase. Increases the ability of FGFR1 and FGFR4 to bind FGF21 (By similarity). [FGF21_HUMAN] Stimulates glucose uptake in differentiated adipocytes via the induction of glucose transporter SLC2A1/GLUT1 expression (but not SLC2A4/GLUT4 expression). Activity requires the presence of KLB.[1] [2] Publication Abstract from PubMedCanonical fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) activate FGF receptors (FGFRs) through paracrine or autocrine mechanisms in a process that requires cooperation with heparan sulfate proteoglycans, which function as co-receptors for FGFR activation. By contrast, endocrine FGFs (FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23) are circulating hormones that regulate critical metabolic processes in a variety of tissues. FGF19 regulates bile acid synthesis and lipogenesis, whereas FGF21 stimulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure and weight loss. Endocrine FGFs signal through FGFRs in a manner that requires klothos, which are cell-surface proteins that possess tandem glycosidase domains. Here we describe the crystal structures of free and ligand-bound beta-klotho extracellular regions that reveal the molecular mechanism that underlies the specificity of FGF21 towards beta-klotho and demonstrate how the FGFR is activated in a klotho-dependent manner. beta-Klotho serves as a primary 'zip code'-like receptor that acts as a targeting signal for FGF21, and FGFR functions as a catalytic subunit that mediates intracellular signalling. Our structures also show how the sugar-cutting enzyme glycosidase has evolved to become a specific receptor for hormones that regulate metabolic processes, including the lowering of blood sugar levels. Finally, we describe an agonistic variant of FGF21 with enhanced biological activity and present structural insights into the potential development of therapeutic agents for diseases linked to endocrine FGFs. Structures of beta-klotho reveal a 'zip code'-like mechanism for endocrine FGF signalling.,Lee S, Choi J, Mohanty J, Sousa LP, Tome F, Pardon E, Steyaert J, Lemmon MA, Lax I, Schlessinger J Nature. 2018 Jan 25;553(7689):501-505. doi: 10.1038/nature25010. Epub 2018 Jan, 17. PMID:29342135[3] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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