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Crystal structure of human PRS1 D52H mutantCrystal structure of human PRS1 D52H mutant
Structural highlights
DiseasePRPS1_HUMAN Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity (PRPS1 superactivity) [MIM:300661; also known as PRPS-related gout. It is a familial disorder characterized by excessive purine production, gout and uric acid urolithiasis. Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease X-linked recessive type 5 (CMTX5) [MIM:311070; also known as optic atrophy-polyneuropathy-deafness or Rosenberg-Chutorian syndrome. CMTX5 is a form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, the most common inherited disorder of the peripheral nervous system. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is classified in two main groups on the basis of electrophysiologic properties and histopathology: primary peripheral demyelinating neuropathies characterized by severely reduced motor nerve conduction velocities (NCVs) (less than 38m/s) and segmental demyelination and remyelination, and primary peripheral axonal neuropathies characterized by normal or mildly reduced NCVs and chronic axonal degeneration and regeneration on nerve biopsy.[1] Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of ARTS syndrome (ARTS) [MIM:301835; also known as fatal ataxia X-linked with deafness and loss of vision. ARTS is a disorder characterized by mental retardation, early-onset hypotonia, ataxia, delayed motor development, hearing impairment, and optic atrophy. Susceptibility to infections, especially of the upper respiratory tract, can result in early death.[2] Defects in PRPS1 are the cause of deafness X-linked type 1 (DFNX1) [MIM:304500; also known as congenital sensorineural deafness X-linked 2 (DFN2). It is a form of deafness characterized by progressive, severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss in males. Females manifest mild to moderate hearing loss.[3] FunctionPRPS1_HUMAN Catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) that is essential for nucleotide synthesis. Publication Abstract from PubMedPhosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase isoform 1 (PRS1) has an essential role in the de novo and salvage synthesis of human purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. The dysfunction of PRS1 will dramatically influence nucleotides' concentration in patient's body and lead to different kinds of disorders (such as hyperuricemia, gout and deafness). The D52H missense mutation of PRS1 will lead to a conspicuous phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate content elevation in the erythrocyte of patients and finally induce hyperuricemia and serious gout. In this study, the enzyme activity analysis indicated that D52H-mutant possessed similar catalytic activity to the wild-type PRS1, and the 2.27 A resolution D52H-mutant crystal structure revealed that the stable interaction network surrounding the 52 position of PRS1 would be completely destroyed by the substitution of histidine. These interaction variations would further influence the conformation of ADP-binding pocket of D52H-mutant and reduced the inhibitor sensitivity of PRS1 in patient's body. (c) 2013 IUBMB Life, 2013. A small disturbance, but a serious disease: The possible mechanism of D52H-mutant of human PRS1 that causes gout.,Chen P, Li J, Ma J, Teng M, Li X IUBMB Life. 2013 Mar 18. doi: 10.1002/iub.1154. PMID:23509005[4] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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