1a9u
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THE COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF THE MAP KINASE P38/SB203580
OverviewOverview
BACKGROUND: The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases are important, signaling molecules that participate in diverse cellular events and are, potential targets for intervention in inflammation, cancer, and other, diseases. The MAP kinase p38 is responsive to environmental stresses and, is involved in the production of cytokines during inflammation. In, contrast, the activation of the MAP kinase ERK2, (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 2) leads to cellular, differentiation or proliferation. The anti-inflammatory agent, pyridinylimidazole and its analogs (SB [SmithKline Beecham] compounds) are, highly potent and selective inhibitors of p38, but not of the, closely-related ERK2, or other serine/threonine kinases. Although these, compounds are known to bind to the ATP-binding site, the origin of the, inhibitory specificity toward p38 is not clear. RESULTS: We report the, structural basis for the exceptional selectivity of these SB compounds for, p38 over ERK2, as determined by comparative crystallography. In addition, structural data on the origin of olomoucine (a better inhibitor of ERK2), selectivity are presented. The crystal structures of four SB compounds in, complex with p38 and of one SB compound and olomoucine in complex with, ERK2 are presented here. The SB inhibitors bind in an extended pocket in, the active site and are complementary to the open domain structure of the, low-activity form of p38. The relatively closed domain structure of ERK2, is able to accommodate the smaller olomoucine. CONCLUSIONS: The unique, kinase-inhibitor interactions observed in these complexes originate from, amino-acid replacements in the active site and replacements distant from, the active site that affect the size of the domain interface. This, structural information should facilitate the design of better MAP-kinase, inhibitors for the treatment of inflammation and other diseases.
About this StructureAbout this Structure
1A9U is a Single protein structure of sequence from Homo sapiens with SB2 as ligand. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA.
ReferenceReference
Structural basis of inhibitor selectivity in MAP kinases., Wang Z, Canagarajah BJ, Boehm JC, Kassisa S, Cobb MH, Young PR, Abdel-Meguid S, Adams JL, Goldsmith EJ, Structure. 1998 Sep 15;6(9):1117-28. PMID:9753691
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