7fdw
Crystal structure of pepsin cleaved lactoferrin C-lobe at 2.28 A resolutionCrystal structure of pepsin cleaved lactoferrin C-lobe at 2.28 A resolution
Structural highlights
FunctionTRFL_BOVIN Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe(3+) ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate.[1] [2] Lactotransferrin has antimicrobial activity. The most effective inhibitory activity was seen against E.coli and P.aeruginosa.[3] [4] Lactoferricin B is an antimicrobial peptide. Inhibits the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.[5] [6] The lactotransferrin transferrin-like domain 1 functions as a serine protease of the peptidase S60 family that cuts arginine rich regions. This function contributes to the antimicrobial activity.[7] [8] Publication Abstract from PubMedC-lobe represents the C-terminal half of lactoferrin which is a bilobal 80 kDa iron binding glycoprotein. The two lobes are designated as N-lobe (Ser1-Glu333) and C-lobe (Arg344-Arg689). The N- and C-lobes are connected by a 10-residue long alpha-helical peptide (Thr334-Thr343). Both lobes adopt similar conformations and have identical iron binding sites. The bilobal lactoferrin was hydrolyzed in a limited proteolysis using pepsin at pH 2.0. It produced a 40 kDa and fully functional C-lobe which was purified and crystallized at pH 8.0. The structure determination revealed that the structure contained residues from Tyr342 to Arg689 representing a fully functional monoferric C-lobe. It showed that pepsin cleaved lactoferrin at the peptide bond Arg341-Tyr342 which is part of the inter-lobe decapeptide. Interestingly, the two previously determined structures of the enzymatically produced C-lobe using trypsin and proteinase K also cleaved lactoferrin at the same peptide bond Arg341-Tyr342. This was a striking result as the three enzymes, pepsin, trypsin and proteinase K have different specificity requirements and yet they cleaved the bilobal lactoferrin at the same peptide bond and generated an identical and fully functional C-lobe. This shows that the observed cleavage site in lactoferrin adopts a highly favourable conformation for proteolysis. It is noteworthy that the three enzymes with different specificities cut the protein at the same peptide bond which may be of physiological significance because the antibacterial action of lactoferrin is extended further through the C-lobe. A Peptide Bond from the Inter-lobe Segment in the Bilobal Lactoferrin Acts as a Preferred Site for Cleavage for Serine Proteases to Generate the Perfect C-lobe: Structure of the Pepsin Hydrolyzed Lactoferrin C-lobe at 2.28 A Resolution.,Singh J, Maurya A, Singh PK, Viswanathan V, Ahmad MI, Sharma P, Sharma S, Singh TP Protein J. 2021 Dec;40(6):857-866. doi: 10.1007/s10930-021-10028-3. Epub 2021 Nov, 3. PMID:34734372[9] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
|
| ||||||||||||||||||