Jake Ezell Sandbox 2
Malate DehydrogenaseMalate Dehydrogenase
Malate Dehydrogenase (MDH)(PDB entry 2x0i) is most known for its role in the metabolic pathway in the tricarboxylic acid cycle[1]; however, the enzyme is also in many other metabolic pathways such as glyoxylate bypass, amino acid synthesis, glucogenesis, and oxidation/reduction balance [1]. It is classified as a oxidoreductase[2]. Malate Dehydrogenase has been extensively studied due to its many isozymes[2]. The enzyme exists in two places inside a cell, in the mitochondria and cytoplasm. In the mitochondria, the enzyme catalyzes the reaction of malate to oxaloacetate; but in the cytoplasm, the enzyme catalyzes oxaloacetate to malate to allow transport [3]. This conversion is an essential catalytic step in each different metabolic mechanism. The enzyme malate dehydrogenase is composed of either a dimer or tetramer Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag.
The evolutionary past of MDH shows a divergence to form lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) which functions in a very similar way to MDH. Although there is a very low sequence conservation among MDH and LDH’s [3] the structure of the enzyme has remained relatively conserved. The key difference between the two is in the substrate: LDH catalyzes pyruvate to lactate.
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| 2x0i, resolution 2.91Å () | |||||||
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| Ligands: | , , | ||||||
| Activity: | Malate dehydrogenase, with EC number 1.1.1.37 | ||||||
| Related: | 2x06, 2x0j, 2x0n, 2x0r, 2x0s | ||||||
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| Resources: | FirstGlance, OCA, RCSB, PDBsum | ||||||
| Coordinates: | save as pdb, mmCIF, xml | ||||||
ReferencesReferences
- ↑ Minarik P, Tomaskova N, Kollarova M, Antalik M. Malate dehydrogenases--structure and function. Gen Physiol Biophys. 2002 Sep;21(3):257-65. PMID:12537350
- ↑ Matsuda T, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Yoshihara T, Maenaka K, Watanabe Y, Miwa Y, Morimoto S, Kubohara Y, Hirata M, Sasaguri T. Dictyostelium Differentiation-Inducing Factor-1 Binds to Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase and Inhibits Its Activity. J Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Feb 20. PMID:20173310
- ↑ Matsuda T, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Yoshihara T, Maenaka K, Watanabe Y, Miwa Y, Morimoto S, Kubohara Y, Hirata M, Sasaguri T. Dictyostelium Differentiation-Inducing Factor-1 Binds to Mitochondrial Malate Dehydrogenase and Inhibits Its Activity. J Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Feb 20. PMID:20173310