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| == Function == | | == Function == |
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| | HIF1α is one of the subunits of HIF1. HIF1 is a transcription factor that binds to HREs in the genome sequence and regulates genes involved in angiogenesis, vascular regulation, erythropoiesis, iron metabolism, cellular growth, apoptosis, extracellular matrix metabolism and glycolysis <ref> Watts, Emily R., and Sarah R. Walmsley. 2019. “Inflammation and Hypoxia: HIF and PHD Isoform Selectivity.” Trends in Molecular Medicine 25 (1): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2018.10.006. </ref>. Although it was first described in hypoxia situations, it is now known to be active in normoxia situations as well |
| | <ref>O’Neill, Luke A. J., Rigel J. Kishton, and Jeff Rathmell. 2016. “A Guide to Immunometabolism for Immunologists.” Nature Reviews Immunology 16 (9): 553–65. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2016.70. |
| | </ref> . |
| | In hypoxia, the PHDs mark HIF1α to ubiquitination and consequently degradation in the proteasome complex. This process occurs when molecular oxygen (O2) is present <ref> Watts, Emily R., and Sarah R. Walmsley. 2019. “Inflammation and Hypoxia: HIF and PHD Isoform Selectivity.” Trends in Molecular Medicine 25 (1): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2018.10.006. </ref>. |
| | In immune cells, HIF1 can be activated in normoxia and its effect in the regulation of glycolysis is directly linked to their polarization, contributing to an inflammatory profile <ref>O’Neill, Luke A. J., Rigel J. Kishton, and Jeff Rathmell. 2016. “A Guide to Immunometabolism for Immunologists.” Nature Reviews Immunology 16 (9): 553–65. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2016.70. |
| | </ref>. |
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| == Disease == | | == Disease == |
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| <references /> | | <references /> |
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| Alves, Cinthia C, Eduardo A Donadi, and Silvana Giuliatti. 2021. “Structural Characterization of the Interaction of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 with Its Hypoxia Responsive Element at the −964G > a Variation Site of the HLA-G Promoter Region.” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22 (23): 13046–46. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313046.
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| Cowman, Sophie J., and Mei Yee Koh. 2022. “Revisiting the HIF Switch in the Tumor and Its Immune Microenvironment.” Trends in Cancer 8 (1): 28–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trecan.2021.10.004.
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| Dengler, Veronica L., Matthew D. Galbraith, and Joaquín M. Espinosa. 2013. “Transcriptional Regulation by Hypoxia Inducible Factors.” Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 49 (1): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3109/10409238.2013.838205.
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| Feng, Zhihui, Xuan Zou, Yaomin Chen, Hanzhi Wang, Yingli Duan, and Richard K Bruick. 2018. “Modulation of HIF-2α PAS-B Domain Contributes to Physiological Responses.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 115 (52): 13240–45. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810897115.
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| “HIF Enhancer Pathways.” 2017. Www.rndsystems.com. R&D Systems. 2017. https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/hif-enhancer-pathways.
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| “HIF Repressor Pathways.” 2017. Www.rndsystems.com. R&D Systems. 2017. https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/hif-repress-pathways.
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| Iyer, Narayan V, Sandra W Leung, and Gregg L Semenza. 1998. “The Human Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α Gene:HIF1AStructure and Evolutionary Conservation.” Genomics 52 (2): 159–65. https://doi.org/10.1006/geno.1998.5416.
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| Loboda, Agnieszka, Alicja Jozkowicz, and Jozef Dulak. 2010. “HIF-1 and HIF-2 Transcription Factors — Similar but Not Identical.” Molecules and Cells 29 (5): 435–42. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10059-010-0067-2.
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| Michel, G, E Minet, I Ernest, C Michiels, F Durant, and J Remacle. 1999. “Molecular Modeling of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1).” Theoretical Chemistry Accounts 101 (1-3): 51–56. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002140050405.
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| O’Neill, Luke A. J., Rigel J. Kishton, and Jeff Rathmell. 2016. “A Guide to Immunometabolism for Immunologists.” Nature Reviews Immunology 16 (9): 553–65. https://doi.org/10.1038/nri.2016.70.
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| Watts, Emily R., and Sarah R. Walmsley. 2019. “Inflammation and Hypoxia: HIF and PHD Isoform Selectivity.” Trends in Molecular Medicine 25 (1): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmed.2018.10.006.
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| YANG, Chao, Zhang-Feng ZHONG, Sheng-Peng WANG, Chi-Teng VONG, Bin YU, and Yi-Tao WANG. 2021. “HIF-1: Structure, Biology and Natural Modulators.” Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 19 (7): 521–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60051-1.
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| Ziello, Jennifer E, Ion S Jovin, and Yan Huang. 2007. “Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF)-1 Regulatory Pathway and Its Potential for Therapeutic Intervention in Malignancy and Ischemia.” The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 80 (2): 51–60. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2140184/.
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