7kea: Difference between revisions

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 <StructureSection load='7kea' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7kea]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.33&Aring;' scene=''>
 == Structural highlights ==
-<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7kea]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019-ncov 2019-ncov]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7KEA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7KEA FirstGlance]. <br>
+<table><tr><td colspan='2'>Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7KEA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7KEA FirstGlance]. <br>
-</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
+</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.33&#8491;</td></tr>
-<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">S, 2 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=2697049 2019-nCoV])</td></tr>
+<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene></td></tr>
 <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7kea FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7kea OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7kea PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7kea RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7kea PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7kea ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
 </table>
-== Function ==
-[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SPIKE_SARS2 SPIKE_SARS2]] attaches the virion to the cell membrane by interacting with host receptor, initiating the infection (By similarity). Binding to human ACE2 receptor and internalization of the virus into the endosomes of the host cell induces conformational changes in the Spike glycoprotein (PubMed:32142651, PubMed:32075877, PubMed:32155444). Uses also human TMPRSS2 for priming in human lung cells which is an essential step for viral entry (PubMed:32142651). Proteolysis by cathepsin CTSL may unmask the fusion peptide of S2 and activate membranes fusion within endosomes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]<ref>PMID:32075877</ref> <ref>PMID:32142651</ref> <ref>PMID:32155444</ref>   mediates fusion of the virion and cellular membranes by acting as a class I viral fusion protein. Under the current model, the protein has at least three conformational states: pre-fusion native state, pre-hairpin intermediate state, and post-fusion hairpin state. During viral and target cell membrane fusion, the coiled coil regions (heptad repeats) assume a trimer-of-hairpins structure, positioning the fusion peptide in close proximity to the C-terminal region of the ectodomain. The formation of this structure appears to drive apposition and subsequent fusion of viral and target cell membranes.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]  Acts as a viral fusion peptide which is unmasked following S2 cleavage occurring upon virus endocytosis.[HAMAP-Rule:MF_04099]
 <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
 == Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
-The severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein is the target of vaccine design efforts to end the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite a low mutation rate, isolates with the D614G substitution in the S protein appeared early during the pandemic and are now the dominant form worldwide. Here, we explore S conformational changes and the effects of the D614G mutation on a soluble S ectodomain construct. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures reveal altered receptor binding domain (RBD) disposition; antigenicity and proteolysis experiments reveal structural changes and enhanced furin cleavage efficiency of the G614 variant. Furthermore, furin cleavage alters the up/down ratio of the RBDs in the G614 S ectodomain, demonstrating an allosteric effect on RBD positioning triggered by changes in the SD2 region, which harbors residue 614 and the furin cleavage site. Our results elucidate SARS-CoV-2 S conformational landscape and allostery and have implications for vaccine design.
+The SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein is the target of vaccine design efforts to end the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite a low mutation rate, isolates with the D614G substitution in the S protein appeared early during the pandemic, and are now the dominant form worldwide. Here, we analyze the D614G mutation in the context of a soluble S ectodomain construct. Cryo-EM structures, antigenicity and proteolysis experiments suggest altered conformational dynamics resulting in enhanced furin cleavage efficiency of the G614 variant. Furthermore, furin cleavage alters the conformational dynamics of the Receptor Binding Domains (RBD) in the G614 S ectodomain, demonstrating an allosteric effect on the RBD dynamics triggered by changes in the SD2 region, that harbors residue 614 and the furin cleavage site. Our results elucidate SARS-CoV-2 spike conformational dynamics and allostery, and have implications for vaccine design.
-D614G Mutation Alters SARS-CoV-2 Spike Conformation and Enhances Protease Cleavage at the S1/S2 Junction.,Gobeil SM, Janowska K, McDowell S, Mansouri K, Parks R, Manne K, Stalls V, Kopp MF, Henderson R, Edwards RJ, Haynes BF, Acharya P Cell Rep. 2021 Jan 12;34(2):108630. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108630. Epub 2020 , Dec 26. PMID:33417835<ref>PMID:33417835</ref>
+D614G mutation alters SARS-CoV-2 spike conformational dynamics and protease cleavage susceptibility at the S1/S2 junction.,Gobeil S, Janowska K, McDowell S, Mansouri K, Parks R, Manne K, Stalls V, Kopp M, Henderson R, Edwards RJ, Haynes BF, Acharya P bioRxiv. 2020 Oct 12. doi: 10.1101/2020.10.11.335299. PMID:33052347<ref>PMID:33052347</ref>
 From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
 </div>
 <div class="pdbe-citations 7kea" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
+==See Also==
+*[[Spike protein 3D structures|Spike protein 3D structures]]
 == References ==
 <references/>
 __TOC__
 </StructureSection>
-[[Category: 2019-ncov]]
 [[Category: Large Structures]]
-[[Category: Acharya, P]]
+[[Category: Acharya P]]
-[[Category: Gobeil, S]]
+[[Category: Gobeil S]]
-[[Category: Sars-cov-2 spike protein trimer]]
-[[Category: Viral protein]]