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== Function == | == Function == | ||
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VGFR2_HUMAN VGFR2_HUMAN] Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFC and VEGFD. Plays an essential role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular development, vascular permeability, and embryonic hematopoiesis. Promotes proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Isoforms lacking a transmembrane domain, such as isoform 2 and isoform 3, may function as decoy receptors for VEGFA, VEGFC and/or VEGFD. Isoform 2 plays an important role as negative regulator of VEGFA- and VEGFC-mediated lymphangiogenesis by limiting the amount of free VEGFA and/or VEGFC and preventing their binding to FLT4. Modulates FLT1 and FLT4 signaling by forming heterodimers. Binding of vascular growth factors to isoform 1 leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and the activation of protein kinase C. Mediates activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Mediates phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and activation of PTK2/FAK1. Required for VEGFA-mediated induction of NOS2 and NOS3, leading to the production of the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells. Phosphorylates PLCG1. Promotes phosphorylation of FYN, NCK1, NOS3, PIK3R1, PTK2/FAK1 and SRC.<ref>PMID:19668192</ref> <ref>PMID:1417831</ref> <ref>PMID:7929439</ref> <ref>PMID:9160888</ref> <ref>PMID:9837777</ref> <ref>PMID:9804796</ref> <ref>PMID:10600473</ref> <ref>PMID:10102632</ref> <ref>PMID:11387210</ref> <ref>PMID:12649282</ref> <ref>PMID:15026417</ref> <ref>PMID:15215251</ref> <ref>PMID:15962004</ref> <ref>PMID:16966330</ref> <ref>PMID:17303569</ref> <ref>PMID:19834490</ref> <ref>PMID:20179233</ref> <ref>PMID:20224550</ref> <ref>PMID:20705758</ref> <ref>PMID:10368301</ref> <ref>PMID:18529047</ref> <ref>PMID:20080685</ref> | [https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VGFR2_HUMAN VGFR2_HUMAN] Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as a cell-surface receptor for VEGFA, VEGFC and VEGFD. Plays an essential role in the regulation of angiogenesis, vascular development, vascular permeability, and embryonic hematopoiesis. Promotes proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. Promotes reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. Isoforms lacking a transmembrane domain, such as isoform 2 and isoform 3, may function as decoy receptors for VEGFA, VEGFC and/or VEGFD. Isoform 2 plays an important role as negative regulator of VEGFA- and VEGFC-mediated lymphangiogenesis by limiting the amount of free VEGFA and/or VEGFC and preventing their binding to FLT4. Modulates FLT1 and FLT4 signaling by forming heterodimers. Binding of vascular growth factors to isoform 1 leads to the activation of several signaling cascades. Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and the activation of protein kinase C. Mediates activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling pathway, as well as of the AKT1 signaling pathway. Mediates phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and activation of PTK2/FAK1. Required for VEGFA-mediated induction of NOS2 and NOS3, leading to the production of the signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial cells. Phosphorylates PLCG1. Promotes phosphorylation of FYN, NCK1, NOS3, PIK3R1, PTK2/FAK1 and SRC.<ref>PMID:19668192</ref> <ref>PMID:1417831</ref> <ref>PMID:7929439</ref> <ref>PMID:9160888</ref> <ref>PMID:9837777</ref> <ref>PMID:9804796</ref> <ref>PMID:10600473</ref> <ref>PMID:10102632</ref> <ref>PMID:11387210</ref> <ref>PMID:12649282</ref> <ref>PMID:15026417</ref> <ref>PMID:15215251</ref> <ref>PMID:15962004</ref> <ref>PMID:16966330</ref> <ref>PMID:17303569</ref> <ref>PMID:19834490</ref> <ref>PMID:20179233</ref> <ref>PMID:20224550</ref> <ref>PMID:20705758</ref> <ref>PMID:10368301</ref> <ref>PMID:18529047</ref> <ref>PMID:20080685</ref> | ||
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed == | |||
The anti-VEGF receptor 2 antibody IMC-1121B is a promising antiangiogenic drug being tested for treatment of breast and gastric cancer. We have determined the structure of the 1121B Fab fragment in complex with domain 3 of VEGFR2, as well as the structure of a different neutralizing anti-VEGFR2 antibody, 6.64, also in complex with VEGFR2 domain 3. The two Fab fragments bind at opposite ends of VEGFR2 domain 3; 1121B directly blocks VEGF binding, whereas 6.64 may prevent receptor dimerization by perturbing the domain 3:domain 4 interface. Mutagenesis reveals that residues essential for VEGF, 1121B, and 6.64 binding are nonoverlapping among the three contact patches. | |||
The Structural Basis for the Function of Two Anti-VEGF Receptor 2 Antibodies.,Franklin MC, Navarro EC, Wang Y, Patel S, Singh P, Zhang Y, Persaud K, Bari A, Griffith H, Shen L, Balderes P, Kussie P Structure. 2011 Aug 10;19(8):1097-107. PMID:21827946<ref>PMID:21827946</ref> | |||
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br> | |||
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||