Cytochrome c: Difference between revisions
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<StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='Cytochrome_c/Cyt_c/1' caption='Cytochrome c with heme complex with sulfate (PDB code [[3cp5]])'> | <StructureSection load='' size='350' side='right' scene='Cytochrome_c/Cyt_c/1' caption='Cytochrome c with heme complex with sulfate (PDB code [[3cp5]])'> | ||
The '''cytochrome ''c''''' (cyt ''c'') proteins are a superfamily belonging to the class of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-α_proteins all-α proteins], which are denoted as such by having an α-helical core. Each protein in this superfamily also contains one or more covalently-bound [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme heme prosthetic groups].<ref>PMID:11697912</ref><ref name=main /> The cyt ''c'' superfamily contains many different families, some of which are better characterized than others. These families include monodomain and multi-domain C-type cytochromes, such as [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/1etp cyt c4], a diheme C-type cytochrome, and [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/2ozy NrfB], a pentaheme C-type cytochrome. In particular, the monoheme cyt ''c'' from ''Rhodothermus marinus'' has been previously studied and provides an excellent example of how some protein characteristics and structures can be extremely diverse, yet conserved, through evolution.<br /> For details on decaheme cyt see [[MtrF]].<br /> | The '''cytochrome ''c''''' (cyt ''c'') proteins are a superfamily belonging to the class of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All-α_proteins all-α proteins], which are denoted as such by having an α-helical core. Each protein in this superfamily also contains one or more covalently-bound [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heme heme prosthetic groups].<ref>PMID:11697912</ref><ref name=main /> The cyt ''c'' superfamily contains many different families, some of which are better characterized than others. These families include monodomain and multi-domain C-type cytochromes, such as [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/1etp cyt c4], a diheme C-type cytochrome, and [http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/2ozy NrfB], a pentaheme C-type cytochrome. In particular, the monoheme cyt ''c'' from ''Rhodothermus marinus'' has been previously studied and provides an excellent example of how some protein characteristics and structures can be extremely diverse, yet conserved, through evolution.<br /> For details on decaheme cyt see [[MtrF]].<br /> | ||
Cytochromes c549, c550, c553, c554, c555, c556, c557, c558, c562 are named after their optical absorption band length. | |||
*'''Cytochrome c2''' transfers electron from the reduced heme to the bacteriochlorophyl in the reaction centre<ref> PMID 15977062</ref>. | *'''Cytochrome c2''' transfers electron from the reduced heme to the bacteriochlorophyl in the reaction centre<ref> PMID 15977062</ref>. | ||
*'''Cytochrome c3''' is specific to anaerobic metabolism in sulphate-reducing bacteria<ref> PMID 12885397</ref>. | *'''Cytochrome c3''' is specific to anaerobic metabolism in sulphate-reducing bacteria<ref> PMID 12885397</ref>. | ||
*'''Cytochrome c4''' is a dihaem cytochrome<ref> PMID 9032080</ref>. | *'''Cytochrome c4''' is a dihaem cytochrome<ref> PMID 9032080</ref>. | ||
*'''Cytochrome c7''' is a tri-haem cytochrome<ref> PMID 15133162</ref>. | *'''Cytochrome c7''' is a tri-haem cytochrome<ref> PMID 15133162</ref>. For details on Cyt c7 see [[Cytochrome c 7]]. | ||
*'''Cytochrome c550''' is a component of the PSII complex of cyanobacteria<ref> PMID 22289879</ref>. | *'''Cytochrome c550''' is a component of the PSII complex of cyanobacteria<ref> PMID 22289879</ref>. | ||
*'''Cytochrome c553''' is the primary electron donor of the heliobacteria reaction centre<ref> PMID 24557489</ref>. | *'''Cytochrome c553''' is the primary electron donor of the heliobacteria reaction centre<ref> PMID 24557489</ref>. | ||