Diuril: Difference between revisions

<scene name='75/756546/Chlorothiazide/1'>Chlorothiazide</scene> is a semisynthetic chemical compound known chemically as 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide (Figure 1) <ref name = "one" > EMBL-EBI. (2012) 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1, 2, 4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide-1, 1-dioxide, Protein Data Bank in Europe. Retrieved from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/3ik6/bound/HCZ </ref>. It has a chemical formula of C₇H₈ClN₃O₄S₂ and a molecular weight of 298 Da <ref name = "one" > EMBL-EBI. (2012) 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-1, 2, 4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide-1, 1-dioxide, Protein Data Bank in Europe. Retrieved from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/3ik6/bound/HCZ </ref>. This chemical compound consists of a benzothiadiazine, sulfonamide, chloride, dihydro, and dioxide group. It has a melting point of 272 degrees Celsius, a flash point of 302.7 degrees Celsius, a solubility of 60 mg/ml in DMSO and less than 1 mg/ml in water, and appears as a white crystalline powder <ref name = "two" > Royal Society of Chemistry. (2015) Hydrochlorothiazide, ChemSpider. Retrieved from http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.3513.html </ref>. The structure was determined by X-Ray diffraction and was measured at a resolution of 2.1 Angstroms <ref name = "three" > EMBL-EBI. (2012) Crystal structure of the AMPA subunit GluR2 bound to the allosteric modulator, chlorothiazide, Protein Data Bank in Europe. Retrieved from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/3ik6 </ref>. <scene name='75/756546/Drug/1'>Chlorothiazide was determined when bound to glutamate receptor 2</scene>. The enzyme cave of glutamate receptor 2 contained <scene name='75/756546/Inprogess/1'>specific amino acids</scene> that enabled binding of chlorothiazide. Binding involved hydrogen bonding between the <scene name='75/756546/Inprogess1/3'>nitrogen 12 and serine 242B, nitrogen 1 and serines 108B and 108E, and oxygen 17 and glycine 219 E</scene> (Figure 2) <ref name = "three" > EMBL-EBI. (2012) Crystal structure of the AMPA subunit GluR2 bound to the allosteric modulator, chlorothiazide, Protein Data Bank in Europe. Retrieved from http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe/entry/pdb/3ik6 </ref>.  Synthesis of chlorothiazide occurs through the reaction between 3-chloroaniline, chlorosulfonic acid, and ammonia; and it is catalyzed by formic acid (Figure 3)<ref name = "four"> Nasim, A. (2017) Synthesis of chlorothiazide, Medical Chemistry Lecture Notes. Retrieved from http://medicinal-chemistry-notes.blogspot.com/2015/12/synthesis-of-chlorothiazide.html#