8ev2: Difference between revisions

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-'''Unreleased structure'''
-The entry 8ev2 is ON HOLD
+==Dual Modulators==
+<StructureSection load='8ev2' size='340' side='right'caption='[[8ev2]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.01&Aring;' scene=''>
+== Structural highlights ==
+<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[8ev2]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=8EV2 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8EV2 FirstGlance]. <br>
+</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=LYQ:(3~{a}~{R},4~{S},9~{b}~{S})-4-(2-chloranyl-4-oxidanyl-phenyl)-2,3,3~{a},4,5,9~{b}-hexahydro-1~{H}-cyclopenta[c]quinoline-8-sulfonamide'>LYQ</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=WVE:(3aS,4R,9bR)-4-(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3,3a,4,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]quinoline-8-sulfonamide'>WVE</scene></td></tr>
+<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=8ev2 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=8ev2 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/8ev2 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=8ev2 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/8ev2 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=8ev2 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
+</table>
+== Function ==
+[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ESR1_HUMAN ESR1_HUMAN] Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either direct homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA-binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA-binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1.<ref>PMID:7651415</ref> <ref>PMID:10970861</ref> <ref>PMID:9328340</ref> <ref>PMID:10681512</ref> <ref>PMID:10816575</ref> <ref>PMID:11477071</ref> <ref>PMID:11682626</ref> <ref>PMID:15078875</ref> <ref>PMID:16043358</ref> <ref>PMID:15891768</ref> <ref>PMID:16684779</ref> <ref>PMID:18247370</ref> <ref>PMID:17932106</ref> <ref>PMID:19350539</ref> <ref>PMID:20705611</ref> <ref>PMID:21937726</ref> <ref>PMID:21330404</ref> <ref>PMID:22083956</ref>
+<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
+== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
+Multi-target compounds have become increasingly important for the development of safer and more effective drug candidates. In this work, we devised a combined ligand-based and structure-based multi-target repurposing strategy and applied it to a series of hexahydrocyclopenta[c]quinoline compounds synthesized previously. The in silico analyses identified human Carbonic Anhydrases (hCA) and Estrogen Receptors (ER) as top scoring candidates for dual modulation. hCA isoforms IX and XII, and ER subtypes ERâº and/or ERbeta are co-expressed in various cancer cell types, including breast and prostate cancer cells. ERâº is the primary target of anti-estrogen therapy in breast cancer, and the hCA IX isoform is a therapeutic target in triple-negative breast cancer. ERâº-mediated transcriptional programs and hCA activity in cancer cells promote favorable microenvironments for cell proliferation. Interestingly, several lines of evidence indicate that the combined modulation of these two targets may provide significant therapeutic benefits. Moving from these first results, two additional hexahydrocyclopenta[c]quinoline derivatives bearing a sulfonamide zinc binding group (hCA) and a phenolic hydroxyl (ER) pharmacophoric group placed at the appropriate locations were designed and synthesized. Interestingly, these compounds were able to directly modulate the activities of both hCA and ER targets. In cell-based assays, they inhibited proliferation of breast and prostate cancer cells with micromolar potency and cell type-selective efficacy. The compounds inhibited hCA activity with nanomolar potency and isoform-selectivity. In transactivation assays, they reduced estrogen-driven ER activity with micro-molar potency. Finally, crystal structures of the synthesized ligands in complex with the two targets revealed that the compounds bind directly to the hCA active site, as well as to the ER ligand-binding domain, providing structural explanation to the observed activity and a rationale for optimization of their dual activity. To the best of our knowledge, this work describes the design, synthesis and biological characterization of the first dual modulators of hCA and ER, laying the ground for the structure-based optimization of their multi-target activity.
-Authors:
+Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and crystal structure determination of dual modulators of carbonic anhydrases and estrogen receptors.,Tinivella A, Nwachukwu JC, Angeli A, Foschi F, Benatti AL, Pinzi L, Izard T, Ferraroni M, Erumbi R, Christodoulou MS, Passarella D, Supuran CT, Nettles KW, Rastelli G Eur J Med Chem. 2022 Dec 6;246:115011. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115011. PMID:36516582<ref>PMID:36516582</ref>
-Description:
+From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
-[[Category: Unreleased Structures]]
+</div>
+<div class="pdbe-citations 8ev2" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
+== References ==
+<references/>
+__TOC__
+</StructureSection>
+[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
+[[Category: Large Structures]]
+[[Category: Angeli A]]
+[[Category: Benatti AL]]
+[[Category: Christodoulou M]]
+[[Category: Ferraroni M]]
+[[Category: Foschi F]]
+[[Category: Izard T]]
+[[Category: Nettles KW]]
+[[Category: Nwachukwu JC]]
+[[Category: Passarella D]]
+[[Category: Pinzi L]]
+[[Category: Rangarajan ES]]
+[[Category: Rastelli G]]
+[[Category: Supuran C]]
+[[Category: Tinivella A]]