2uxa: Difference between revisions

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<StructureSection load='2uxa' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2uxa]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.38&Aring;' scene=''>
<StructureSection load='2uxa' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2uxa]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.38&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2uxa]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_rat Buffalo rat]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2UXA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2UXA FirstGlance]. <br>
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2uxa]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffalo_rat Buffalo rat]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2UXA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2UXA FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GLU:GLUTAMIC+ACID'>GLU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GLU:GLUTAMIC+ACID'>GLU</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1ftj|1ftj]], [[1ftk|1ftk]], [[1ftl|1ftl]], [[1ftm|1ftm]], [[1fto|1fto]], [[1fw0|1fw0]], [[1gr2|1gr2]], [[1lb8|1lb8]], [[1lb9|1lb9]], [[1lbb|1lbb]], [[1lbc|1lbc]], [[1m5b|1m5b]], [[1m5c|1m5c]], [[1m5d|1m5d]], [[1m5e|1m5e]], [[1m5f|1m5f]], [[1mm6|1mm6]], [[1mm7|1mm7]], [[1mqd|1mqd]], [[1mqg|1mqg]], [[1mqh|1mqh]], [[1mqi|1mqi]], [[1mqj|1mqj]], [[1ms7|1ms7]], [[1mxu|1mxu]], [[1mxv|1mxv]], [[1mxw|1mxw]], [[1mxx|1mxx]], [[1mxy|1mxy]], [[1mxz|1mxz]], [[1my0|1my0]], [[1my1|1my1]], [[1my2|1my2]], [[1my3|1my3]], [[1my4|1my4]], [[1n0t|1n0t]], [[1nnk|1nnk]], [[1nnp|1nnp]], [[1p1n|1p1n]], [[1p1o|1p1o]], [[1p1q|1p1q]], [[1p1u|1p1u]], [[1p1w|1p1w]], [[1syh|1syh]], [[1syi|1syi]], [[1wvj|1wvj]], [[1xhy|1xhy]], [[2aix|2aix]], [[2al4|2al4]], [[2al5|2al5]], [[2anj|2anj]], [[2cmo|2cmo]], [[2i3v|2i3v]], [[2i3w|2i3w]]</td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[1ftj|1ftj]], [[1ftk|1ftk]], [[1ftl|1ftl]], [[1ftm|1ftm]], [[1fto|1fto]], [[1fw0|1fw0]], [[1gr2|1gr2]], [[1lb8|1lb8]], [[1lb9|1lb9]], [[1lbb|1lbb]], [[1lbc|1lbc]], [[1m5b|1m5b]], [[1m5c|1m5c]], [[1m5d|1m5d]], [[1m5e|1m5e]], [[1m5f|1m5f]], [[1mm6|1mm6]], [[1mm7|1mm7]], [[1mqd|1mqd]], [[1mqg|1mqg]], [[1mqh|1mqh]], [[1mqi|1mqi]], [[1mqj|1mqj]], [[1ms7|1ms7]], [[1mxu|1mxu]], [[1mxv|1mxv]], [[1mxw|1mxw]], [[1mxx|1mxx]], [[1mxy|1mxy]], [[1mxz|1mxz]], [[1my0|1my0]], [[1my1|1my1]], [[1my2|1my2]], [[1my3|1my3]], [[1my4|1my4]], [[1n0t|1n0t]], [[1nnk|1nnk]], [[1nnp|1nnp]], [[1p1n|1p1n]], [[1p1o|1p1o]], [[1p1q|1p1q]], [[1p1u|1p1u]], [[1p1w|1p1w]], [[1syh|1syh]], [[1syi|1syi]], [[1wvj|1wvj]], [[1xhy|1xhy]], [[2aix|2aix]], [[2al4|2al4]], [[2al5|2al5]], [[2anj|2anj]], [[2cmo|2cmo]], [[2i3v|2i3v]], [[2i3w|2i3w]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2uxa FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2uxa OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2uxa PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2uxa RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2uxa PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2uxa ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2uxa FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2uxa OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2uxa PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2uxa RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2uxa PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2uxa ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
</table>
== Function ==
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRIA2_RAT GRIA2_RAT]] Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.<ref>PMID:9351977</ref> <ref>PMID:19265014</ref> <ref>PMID:21172611</ref> <ref>PMID:12501192</ref> <ref>PMID:12015593</ref> <ref>PMID:12872125</ref> <ref>PMID:12730367</ref> <ref>PMID:16192394</ref> <ref>PMID:15591246</ref> <ref>PMID:17018279</ref> <ref>PMID:16483599</ref> <ref>PMID:19946266</ref> <ref>PMID:21317873</ref> <ref>PMID:21846932</ref>   
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRIA2_RAT GRIA2_RAT]] Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.<ref>PMID:9351977</ref> <ref>PMID:19265014</ref> <ref>PMID:21172611</ref> <ref>PMID:12501192</ref> <ref>PMID:12015593</ref> <ref>PMID:12872125</ref> <ref>PMID:12730367</ref> <ref>PMID:16192394</ref> <ref>PMID:15591246</ref> <ref>PMID:17018279</ref> <ref>PMID:16483599</ref> <ref>PMID:19946266</ref> <ref>PMID:21317873</ref> <ref>PMID:21846932</ref>   
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]

Revision as of 15:32, 23 March 2022

Crystal structure of the GluR2-flip ligand binding domain, r/g unedited.Crystal structure of the GluR2-flip ligand binding domain, r/g unedited.

Structural highlights

2uxa is a 3 chain structure with sequence from Buffalo rat. Full crystallographic information is available from OCA. For a guided tour on the structure components use FirstGlance.
Ligands:,
Resources:FirstGlance, OCA, PDBe, RCSB, PDBsum, ProSAT

Function

[GRIA2_RAT] Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14]

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

Publication Abstract from PubMed

The subunit composition determines AMPA receptor (AMPA-R) function and trafficking. Mechanisms underlying channel assembly are thus central to the efficacy and plasticity of glutamatergic synapses. We previously showed that RNA editing at the Q/R site of the GluR2 subunit contributes to the assembly of AMPA-R heteromers by attenuating formation of GluR2 homotetramers. Here we report that this function of the Q/R site depends on subunit contacts between adjacent ligand binding domains (LBDs). Changes of LBD interface contacts alter GluR2 assembly properties, forward traffic, and expression at synapses. Interestingly, developmentally regulated RNA editing within the LBD (at the R/G site) produces analogous effects. Our data reveal that editing to glycine reduces the self-assembly competence of this critical subunit and slows GluR2 maturation in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Therefore, RNA editing sites, located at strategic subunit interfaces, shape AMPA-R assembly and trafficking in a developmentally regulated manner.

Developmentally regulated, combinatorial RNA processing modulates AMPA receptor biogenesis.,Greger IH, Akamine P, Khatri L, Ziff EB Neuron. 2006 Jul 6;51(1):85-97. PMID:16815334[15]

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

See Also

References

  1. ↑ Everts I, Villmann C, Hollmann M. N-Glycosylation is not a prerequisite for glutamate receptor function but Is essential for lectin modulation. Mol Pharmacol. 1997 Nov;52(5):861-73. PMID:9351977
  2. ↑ Schwenk J, Harmel N, Zolles G, Bildl W, Kulik A, Heimrich B, Chisaka O, Jonas P, Schulte U, Fakler B, Klocker N. Functional proteomics identify cornichon proteins as auxiliary subunits of AMPA receptors. Science. 2009 Mar 6;323(5919):1313-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1167852. PMID:19265014 doi:10.1126/science.1167852
  3. ↑ Kato AS, Gill MB, Ho MT, Yu H, Tu Y, Siuda ER, Wang H, Qian YW, Nisenbaum ES, Tomita S, Bredt DS. Hippocampal AMPA receptor gating controlled by both TARP and cornichon proteins. Neuron. 2010 Dec 22;68(6):1082-96. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.026. PMID:21172611 doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2010.11.026
  4. ↑ Jin R, Horning M, Mayer ML, Gouaux E. Mechanism of activation and selectivity in a ligand-gated ion channel: structural and functional studies of GluR2 and quisqualate. Biochemistry. 2002 Dec 31;41(52):15635-43. PMID:12501192
  5. ↑ Sun Y, Olson R, Horning M, Armstrong N, Mayer M, Gouaux E. Mechanism of glutamate receptor desensitization. Nature. 2002 May 16;417(6886):245-53. PMID:12015593 doi:10.1038/417245a
  6. ↑ Jin R, Banke TG, Mayer ML, Traynelis SF, Gouaux E. Structural basis for partial agonist action at ionotropic glutamate receptors. Nat Neurosci. 2003 Aug;6(8):803-10. PMID:12872125 doi:10.1038/nn1091
  7. ↑ Armstrong N, Mayer M, Gouaux E. Tuning activation of the AMPA-sensitive GluR2 ion channel by genetic adjustment of agonist-induced conformational changes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 May 13;100(10):5736-41. Epub 2003 May 2. PMID:12730367 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1037393100
  8. ↑ Jin R, Clark S, Weeks AM, Dudman JT, Gouaux E, Partin KM. Mechanism of positive allosteric modulators acting on AMPA receptors. J Neurosci. 2005 Sep 28;25(39):9027-36. PMID:16192394 doi:25/39/9027
  9. ↑ Frandsen A, Pickering DS, Vestergaard B, Kasper C, Nielsen BB, Greenwood JR, Campiani G, Fattorusso C, Gajhede M, Schousboe A, Kastrup JS. Tyr702 is an important determinant of agonist binding and domain closure of the ligand-binding core of GluR2. Mol Pharmacol. 2005 Mar;67(3):703-13. Epub 2004 Dec 9. PMID:15591246 doi:10.1124/mol.104.002931
  10. ↑ Armstrong N, Jasti J, Beich-Frandsen M, Gouaux E. Measurement of conformational changes accompanying desensitization in an ionotropic glutamate receptor. Cell. 2006 Oct 6;127(1):85-97. PMID:17018279 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.08.037
  11. ↑ Kasper C, Pickering DS, Mirza O, Olsen L, Kristensen AS, Greenwood JR, Liljefors T, Schousboe A, Watjen F, Gajhede M, Sigurskjold BW, Kastrup JS. The structure of a mixed GluR2 ligand-binding core dimer in complex with (S)-glutamate and the antagonist (S)-NS1209. J Mol Biol. 2006 Apr 7;357(4):1184-201. Epub 2006 Jan 31. PMID:16483599 doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.01.024
  12. ↑ Sobolevsky AI, Rosconi MP, Gouaux E. X-ray structure, symmetry and mechanism of an AMPA-subtype glutamate receptor. Nature. 2009 Dec 10;462(7274):745-56. Epub . PMID:19946266 doi:10.1038/nature08624
  13. ↑ Rossmann M, Sukumaran M, Penn AC, Veprintsev DB, Babu MM, Greger IH. Subunit-selective N-terminal domain associations organize the formation of AMPA receptor heteromers. EMBO J. 2011 Mar 2;30(5):959-71. Epub 2011 Feb 11. PMID:21317873 doi:10.1038/emboj.2011.16
  14. ↑ Ahmed AH, Wang S, Chuang HH, Oswald RE. Mechanism of AMPA receptor activation by partial agonists: disulfide trapping of closed lobe conformations. J Biol Chem. 2011 Aug 16. PMID:21846932 doi:10.1074/jbc.M111.269001
  15. ↑ Greger IH, Akamine P, Khatri L, Ziff EB. Developmentally regulated, combinatorial RNA processing modulates AMPA receptor biogenesis. Neuron. 2006 Jul 6;51(1):85-97. PMID:16815334 doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2006.05.020

2uxa, resolution 2.38Å

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