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==Structural Plasticity of Paneth cell alpha-Defensins: Characterization of Salt-Bridge Deficient Analogues of Mouse Cryptdin-4== | ==Structural Plasticity of Paneth cell alpha-Defensins: Characterization of Salt-Bridge Deficient Analogues of Mouse Cryptdin-4== | ||
<StructureSection load='2lew' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2lew]], [[NMR_Ensembles_of_Models | 20 NMR models]]' scene=''> | <StructureSection load='2lew' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2lew]], [[NMR_Ensembles_of_Models | 20 NMR models]]' scene=''> | ||
== Structural highlights == | == Structural highlights == | ||
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2lew]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [ | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2lew]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lk3_transgenic_mice Lk3 transgenic mice]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2LEW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2LEW FirstGlance]. <br> | ||
</td></tr><tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[2ley|2ley]], [[2gw9|2gw9]], [[2gwp|2gwp]]</td></tr> | </td></tr><tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[2ley|2ley]], [[2gw9|2gw9]], [[2gwp|2gwp]]</div></td></tr> | ||
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Defa4, Defcr4 ([ | <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">Defa4, Defcr4 ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=10090 LK3 transgenic mice])</td></tr> | ||
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[ | <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2lew FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2lew OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2lew PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2lew RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2lew PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2lew ProSAT]</span></td></tr> | ||
</table> | </table> | ||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
[[ | [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/DEFA4_MOUSE DEFA4_MOUSE]] Probably contributes to the antimicrobial barrier function of the small bowel mucosa. | ||
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;"> | ||
== Publication Abstract from PubMed == | == Publication Abstract from PubMed == | ||
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
*[[Defensin|Defensin]] | *[[Defensin 3D structures|Defensin 3D structures]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
__TOC__ | __TOC__ | ||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
[[Category: Large Structures]] | |||
[[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]] | [[Category: Lk3 transgenic mice]] | ||
[[Category: Andersson, H S]] | [[Category: Andersson, H S]] | ||
Revision as of 13:09, 12 May 2021
Structural Plasticity of Paneth cell alpha-Defensins: Characterization of Salt-Bridge Deficient Analogues of Mouse Cryptdin-4Structural Plasticity of Paneth cell alpha-Defensins: Characterization of Salt-Bridge Deficient Analogues of Mouse Cryptdin-4
Structural highlights
Function[DEFA4_MOUSE] Probably contributes to the antimicrobial barrier function of the small bowel mucosa. Publication Abstract from PubMedSalt-bridge interactions between acidic and basic amino acids contribute to the structural stability of proteins and to protein-protein interactions. A conserved salt-bridge is a canonical feature of the alpha-defensin antimicrobial peptide family, but the role of this common structural element has not been fully elucidated. We have investigated mouse Paneth cell alpha-defensin cryptdin-4 (Crp4) and peptide variants with mutations at Arg(7) or Glu(15) residue positions to disrupt the salt-bridge and assess the consequences on Crp4 structure, function, and stability. NMR analyses showed that both (R7G)-Crp4 and (E15G)-Crp4 adopt native-like structures, evidence of fold plasticity that allows peptides to reshuffle side chains and stabilize the structure in the absence of the salt-bridge. In contrast, introduction of a large hydrophobic side chain at position 15, as in (E15L)-Crp4 cannot be accommodated in the context of the Crp4 primary structure. Regardless of which side of the salt-bridge was mutated, salt-bridge variants retained bactericidal peptide activity with differential microbicidal effects against certain bacterial cell targets, confirming that the salt-bridge does not determine bactericidal activity per se. The increased structural flexibility induced by salt-bridge disruption enhanced peptide sensitivity to proteolysis. Although sensitivity to proteolysis by MMP7 was unaffected by most Arg(7) and Glu(15) substitutions, every salt-bridge variant was degraded extensively by trypsin. Moreover, the salt-bridge facilitates adoption of the characteristic alpha-defensin fold as shown by the impaired in vitro refolding of (E15D)-proCrp4, the most conservative salt-bridge disrupting replacement. In Crp4, therefore, the canonical alpha-defensin salt-bridge facilitates adoption of the characteristic alpha-defensin fold, which decreases structural flexibility and confers resistance to degradation by proteinases. The alpha-defensin salt-bridge induces backbone stability to facilitate folding and confer proteolytic resistance.,Andersson HS, Figueredo SM, Haugaard-Kedstrom LM, Bengtsson E, Daly NL, Qu X, Craik DJ, Ouellette AJ, Rosengren KJ Amino Acids. 2012 Jan 29. PMID:22286872[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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