User:Jacob Holt/Sandbox 1: Difference between revisions

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== Biological Relevance ==

[[Image:scd_in_membrane.jpeg|500 px|thumb|Figure 5. Position of SCD within the biological membrane. It is part of an electron transport chain involving cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 to allow for the activation of the catalytic molecule coordinated by the two ions in the center of SCD]]The electron transport chain allows for the mechanism of SCD1 to be carried out by providing electrons via either a Cytochrome B5 electron shuttle or an exchange through a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_complex#:~:text=A%20ternary%20complex%20can%20be,type%20of%20enzyme%2Dcatalyzed%20reactions ternary complex]<ref name="Shen" />. The electrons will be shuttled from complex to complex and then eventually be accepted by the SCD1 enzyme which will allow for activation of the catalytic molecule (Figure 5). The placement of SCD1 in the ER membrane is believed to prevent inhibition by allowing better flow of products/side products to their later pathways<ref name="Shen" />.

[[Image:scd_in_membrane.jpeg|500 px|thumb|Figure 5. Position of SCD within the biological membrane. It is part of an electron transport chain involving cytochrome b5 reductase (PDB:5GV8) and cytochrome b5 (PDB: 3NER) to allow for the activation of the catalytic molecule coordinated by the two ions in the center of SCD]]The electron transport chain allows for the mechanism of SCD1 to be carried out by providing electrons via either a Cytochrome B5 electron shuttle or an exchange through a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_complex#:~:text=A%20ternary%20complex%20can%20be,type%20of%20enzyme%2Dcatalyzed%20reactions ternary complex]<ref name="Shen" />. The electrons will be shuttled from complex to complex and then eventually be accepted by the SCD1 enzyme which will allow for activation of the catalytic molecule (Figure 5). The placement of SCD1 in the ER membrane is believed to prevent inhibition by allowing better flow of products/side products to their later pathways<ref name="Shen" />.

Absence or a deficit of SCD1 in the body is associated with obesity and insulin ~~resistant~~ which is a main cause of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes type 2 diabetes]<ref name="Shen" />. Cancer sites in the body tend to show a much higher expression rate of SCD1<ref name="Shen" />. Focusing on SCD1 as a drug target could lead to advancements in treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases<ref name="Bai" />.

Absence or a deficit of SCD1 in the body is associated with obesity and insulin resistance which is a main cause of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes type 2 diabetes]<ref name="Shen" />. Cancer sites in the body tend to show a much higher expression rate of SCD1<ref name="Shen" />. Focusing on SCD1 as a drug target could lead to advancements in treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases<ref name="Bai" />.

The SCD1 enzyme can be down regulated or slightly inhibited by low-carbohydrate diets, low glucose levels, low insulin levels, and a low cholesterol diet. SCD1 is also regulated by <scene name='87/877552/Leptin/1'>leptin</scene>; a protein that is created by fat cells<ref name="Ntambi" />. When the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptin leptin] signaling pathway is fully functioning, the SCD1 enzyme is regulated in its ability to create MUFAs. SCD1 being associated with obesity could directly be tied to errors in the signaling pathways of the leptin protein<ref name="Ntambi" />.

@@ Line 84: / Line 84: @@
 == Biological Relevance ==
-[[Image:scd_in_membrane.jpeg|500 px|thumb|Figure 5. Position of SCD within the biological membrane.  It is part of an electron transport chain involving cytochrome b5 reductase and cytochrome b5 to allow for the activation of the catalytic molecule coordinated by the two ions in the center of SCD]]The electron transport chain allows for the mechanism of SCD1 to be carried out by providing electrons via either a Cytochrome B5 electron shuttle or an exchange through a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_complex#:~:text=A%20ternary%20complex%20can%20be,type%20of%20enzyme%2Dcatalyzed%20reactions ternary complex]<ref name="Shen" />.  The electrons will be shuttled from complex to complex and then eventually be accepted by the SCD1 enzyme which will allow for activation of the catalytic molecule (Figure 5). The placement of SCD1 in the ER membrane is believed to prevent inhibition by allowing better flow of products/side products to their later pathways<ref name="Shen" />.
+[[Image:scd_in_membrane.jpeg|500 px|thumb|Figure 5. Position of SCD within the biological membrane.  It is part of an electron transport chain involving cytochrome b5 reductase (PDB:5GV8) and cytochrome b5 (PDB: 3NER) to allow for the activation of the catalytic molecule coordinated by the two ions in the center of SCD]]The electron transport chain allows for the mechanism of SCD1 to be carried out by providing electrons via either a Cytochrome B5 electron shuttle or an exchange through a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_complex#:~:text=A%20ternary%20complex%20can%20be,type%20of%20enzyme%2Dcatalyzed%20reactions ternary complex]<ref name="Shen" />.  The electrons will be shuttled from complex to complex and then eventually be accepted by the SCD1 enzyme which will allow for activation of the catalytic molecule (Figure 5). The placement of SCD1 in the ER membrane is believed to prevent inhibition by allowing better flow of products/side products to their later pathways<ref name="Shen" />.
-Absence or a deficit of SCD1 in the body is associated with obesity and insulin resistant which is a main cause of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes type 2 diabetes]<ref name="Shen" />. Cancer sites in the body tend to show a much higher expression rate of SCD1<ref name="Shen" />.  Focusing on SCD1 as a drug target could lead to advancements in treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases<ref name="Bai" />.
+Absence or a deficit of SCD1 in the body is associated with obesity and insulin resistance which is a main cause of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_2_diabetes type 2 diabetes]<ref name="Shen" />. Cancer sites in the body tend to show a much higher expression rate of SCD1<ref name="Shen" />.  Focusing on SCD1 as a drug target could lead to advancements in treatment of obesity, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases<ref name="Bai" />.
 The SCD1 enzyme can be down regulated or slightly inhibited by low-carbohydrate diets, low glucose levels, low insulin levels, and a low cholesterol diet. SCD1 is also regulated by <scene name='87/877552/Leptin/1'>leptin</scene>; a protein that is created by fat cells<ref name="Ntambi" />.  When the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leptin leptin] signaling pathway is fully functioning, the SCD1 enzyme is regulated in its ability to create MUFAs. SCD1 being associated with obesity could directly be tied to errors in the signaling pathways of the leptin protein<ref name="Ntambi" />.