SARS-CoV-2 spike protein mutations: Difference between revisions
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is termed '''B.1.1.7''' or '''VOC 202012/01'''<ref name="nervtag1" /><ref name="phe1">[https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/948152/Technical_Briefing_VOC202012-2_Briefing_2_FINAL.pdf Investigation of novel SARS-CoV-2 variant. Variant of Concern 202012/01. Technical briefing 2.] published December 28, 2020 by [http://www.gov.uk/phe Public Health England].</ref>. Among more than 700 defined lineages<ref name="a.">[https://cov-lineages.org/lineages/lineage_A.html PANGO Lineages], a list of more than 700 defined lineages with references where available.</ref><ref name="pango">[https://virological.org/t/tracking-the-international-spread-of-sars-cov-2-lineages-b-1-1-7-and-b-1-351-501y-v2/592 Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351/501Y-V2], Áine O'Toole ''et al.'', posted January 13, 2021.</ref> it is the first globally distributed, well characterized mutant lineage recognized late in the pandemic (see [[#Notes|Note 1]]). | is termed '''B.1.1.7''' or '''VOC 202012/01'''<ref name="nervtag1" /><ref name="phe1">[https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/948152/Technical_Briefing_VOC202012-2_Briefing_2_FINAL.pdf Investigation of novel SARS-CoV-2 variant. Variant of Concern 202012/01. Technical briefing 2.] published December 28, 2020 by [http://www.gov.uk/phe Public Health England].</ref>. Among more than 700 defined lineages<ref name="a.">[https://cov-lineages.org/lineages/lineage_A.html PANGO Lineages], a list of more than 700 defined lineages with references where available.</ref><ref name="pango">[https://virological.org/t/tracking-the-international-spread-of-sars-cov-2-lineages-b-1-1-7-and-b-1-351-501y-v2/592 Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.7 and B.1.351/501Y-V2], Áine O'Toole ''et al.'', posted January 13, 2021.</ref> it is the first globally distributed, well characterized mutant lineage recognized late in the pandemic (see [[#Notes|Note 1]]). | ||
In late December, 2020, there was news from '''South Africa''' of another lineage becoming prevalent there, termed '''501Y.V2'''<ref name="gisaid1">[https://www.gisaid.org/references/gisaid-in-the-news/novel-mutation-combination-in-spike-receptor-binding-site/ Novel variant 501.V2 with triple spike receptor binding site substit[utions] posted December 21, 2020 by the GSAID Influenza and Coronavirus sequences Initiative.</ref>, | In late December, 2020, there was news from '''South Africa''' of another lineage becoming prevalent there, termed '''501Y.V2'''<ref name="gisaid1">[https://www.gisaid.org/references/gisaid-in-the-news/novel-mutation-combination-in-spike-receptor-binding-site/ Novel variant 501.V2 with triple spike receptor binding site substit[utions] posted December 21, 2020 by the GSAID Influenza and Coronavirus sequences Initiative.</ref>, 501.V2, or '''B.1.351'''<ref name="cdc1">[https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/science-and-research/scientific-brief-emerging-variants.html Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants], CDC report, update of January 3, 2021.</ref>. | ||
In December, 2020, many scientists believed that B.1.1.7 is more contagious<ref name="nervtag1">[https://app.box.com/s/3lkcbxepqixkg4mv640dpvvg978ixjtf/file/756964987830 NERVTAG/SPI-M Extraordinary meetingon SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern 202012/01 (variant B.1.1.7)], December 21, 2020, from the UK Government [https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/new-and-emerging-respiratory-virus-threats-advisory-group New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group].</ref>, but there remained some uncertainty, since the increase in B.1.1.7 could also be related to founder effects or variations in human behaviors in regions of England<ref name="racaniello1">[https://www.virology.ws/2020/12/24/sars-cov-2-uk-variant-does-it-matter/ SARS-CoV-2 UK variant: Does it matter?], a 25 min video explanation recorded December 21, 2020, by Vincent Racaniello, Professor of virology at Columbia University, New York City.</ref>. However, by early January, 2021, it appeared very likely that B.1.1.7 and 501Y.V2 are more contagious<ref name="leonhardt1">[https://nyti.ms/2X7JT7z A simple chart shows why the new coronavirus variants are so worrisome], David Leonhardt, New York Times, January 4, 2021. A chart of new daily coronavirus cases shows Britain and South Africa surging, far exceeding rates in neighboring countries.</ref>. | In December, 2020, many scientists believed that B.1.1.7 is more contagious<ref name="nervtag1">[https://app.box.com/s/3lkcbxepqixkg4mv640dpvvg978ixjtf/file/756964987830 NERVTAG/SPI-M Extraordinary meetingon SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern 202012/01 (variant B.1.1.7)], December 21, 2020, from the UK Government [https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/new-and-emerging-respiratory-virus-threats-advisory-group New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group].</ref>, but there remained some uncertainty, since the increase in B.1.1.7 could also be related to founder effects or variations in human behaviors in regions of England<ref name="racaniello1">[https://www.virology.ws/2020/12/24/sars-cov-2-uk-variant-does-it-matter/ SARS-CoV-2 UK variant: Does it matter?], a 25 min video explanation recorded December 21, 2020, by Vincent Racaniello, Professor of virology at Columbia University, New York City.</ref>. However, by early January, 2021, it appeared very likely that B.1.1.7 and 501Y.V2 are more contagious<ref name="leonhardt1">[https://nyti.ms/2X7JT7z A simple chart shows why the new coronavirus variants are so worrisome], David Leonhardt, New York Times, January 4, 2021. A chart of new daily coronavirus cases shows Britain and South Africa surging, far exceeding rates in neighboring countries.</ref>. | ||