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| ==SSAT+COA+BE-3-3-3, K6R mutant== | | ==SSAT+COA+BE-3-3-3, K6R mutant== |
| <StructureSection load='2b4b' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2b4b]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00Å' scene=''> | | <StructureSection load='2b4b' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2b4b]]' scene=''> |
| == Structural highlights == | | == Structural highlights == |
| <table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2b4b]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2B4B OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2B4B FirstGlance]. <br> | | <table><tr><td colspan='2'>Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2B4B OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2B4B FirstGlance]. <br> |
| </td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=B33:N-ETHYL-N-[3-(PROPYLAMINO)PROPYL]PROPANE-1,3-DIAMINE'>B33</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=COA:COENZYME+A'>COA</scene></td></tr> | | </td></tr><tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2b4b FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2b4b OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2b4b PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2b4b RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2b4b PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2b4b ProSAT], [https://www.topsan.org/Proteins/NYSGXRC/2b4b TOPSAN]</span></td></tr> |
| <tr id='NonStdRes'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Non-Standard_Residue|NonStd Res:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=MSE:SELENOMETHIONINE'>MSE</scene></td></tr>
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| <tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[2b3u|2b3u]], [[2b3v|2b3v]], [[2b4d|2b4d]], [[2b5g|2b5g]]</td></tr>
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| <tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">SAT ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
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| <tr id='activity'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Activity:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamine_N-acetyltransferase Diamine N-acetyltransferase], with EC number [http://www.brenda-enzymes.info/php/result_flat.php4?ecno=2.3.1.57 2.3.1.57] </span></td></tr>
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| <tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2b4b FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2b4b OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2b4b PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2b4b RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2b4b PDBsum], [http://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2b4b ProSAT], [http://www.topsan.org/Proteins/NYSGXRC/2b4b TOPSAN]</span></td></tr> | |
| </table> | | </table> |
| == Disease ==
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| [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SAT1_HUMAN SAT1_HUMAN]] Defects in SAT1 may be a cause of keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans X-linked (KFSDX) [MIM:[http://omim.org/entry/308800 308800]]. A rare disorder affecting the skin and the eye. Affected men show thickening of the skin of the neck, ears, and extremities, especially the palms and soles, loss of eyebrows, eyelashes and beard, thickening of the eyelids with blepharitis and ectropion, and corneal degeneration.<ref>PMID:9341865</ref> <ref>PMID:12215835</ref>
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| == Function ==
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| [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SAT1_HUMAN SAT1_HUMAN]] Enzyme which catalyzes the acetylation of polyamines. Substrate specificity: norspermidine = spermidine >> spermine > N(1)-acetylspermine > putrescine. This highly regulated enzyme allows a fine attenuation of the intracellular concentration of polyamines. Also involved in the regulation of polyamine transport out of cells. Acts on 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,5-diaminopentane, putrescine, spermidine (forming N(1)- and N(8)-acetylspermidine), spermine, N(1)-acetylspermidine and N(8)-acetylspermidine.
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| == Evolutionary Conservation == | | == Evolutionary Conservation == |
| [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] | | [[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]] |
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| </jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2b4b ConSurf]. | | </jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2b4b ConSurf]. |
| <div style="clear:both"></div> | | <div style="clear:both"></div> |
| <div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
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| == Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
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| Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) is a key enzyme in the control of polyamine levels in human cells, as acetylation of spermidine and spermine triggers export or degradation. Increased intracellular polyamine levels accompany several types of cancers as well as other human diseases, and compounds that affect the expression, activity, or stability of SSAT are being explored as potential therapeutic drugs. We have expressed human SSAT from the cloned cDNA in Escherichia coli and have determined high-resolution structures of wild-type and mutant SSAT, as the free dimer and in binary and ternary complexes with CoA, acetyl-CoA (AcCoA), spermine, and the inhibitor N1,N11bis-(ethyl)-norspermine (BE-3-3-3). These structures show details of binding sites for cofactor, substrates, and inhibitor and provide a framework to understand enzymatic activity, mutations, and the action of potential drugs. Two dimer conformations were observed: a symmetric form with two open surface channels capable of binding substrate or cofactor, and an asymmetric form in which only one of the surface channels appears capable of binding and acetylating polyamines. SSAT was found to self-acetylate lysine-26 in the presence of AcCoA and absence of substrate, a reaction apparently catalzyed by AcCoA bound in the second channel of the asymmetric dimer. These unexpected and intriguing complexities seem likely to have some as yet undefined role in regulating SSAT activity or stability as a part of polyamine homeostasis. Sequence signatures group SSAT with proteins that appear to have thialysine Nepsilon-acetyltransferase activity.
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| Structures of wild-type and mutant human spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase, a potential therapeutic drug target.,Bewley MC, Graziano V, Jiang J, Matz E, Studier FW, Pegg AE, Coleman CS, Flanagan JM Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Feb 14;103(7):2063-8. Epub 2006 Feb 2. PMID:16455797<ref>PMID:16455797</ref>
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| From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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| </div>
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| <div class="pdbe-citations 2b4b" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
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| ==See Also== | | ==See Also== |
| *[[Spermidine/spermine N-acetyltransferase|Spermidine/spermine N-acetyltransferase]] | | *[[Spermidine/spermine N-acetyltransferase|Spermidine/spermine N-acetyltransferase]] |
| == References ==
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| <references/>
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| __TOC__ | | __TOC__ |
| </StructureSection> | | </StructureSection> |
| [[Category: Diamine N-acetyltransferase]] | | [[Category: Large Structures]] |
| [[Category: Human]]
| | [[Category: Bewley MC]] |
| [[Category: Bewley, M C]] | | [[Category: Burley SK]] |
| [[Category: Burley, S K]] | | [[Category: Coleman CS]] |
| [[Category: Coleman, C S]] | | [[Category: Flanagan JM]] |
| [[Category: Flanagan, J M]] | | [[Category: Graziano V]] |
| [[Category: Graziano, V]] | | [[Category: Jiang JS]] |
| [[Category: Jiang, J S]] | | [[Category: Matz E]] |
| [[Category: Matz, E]] | | [[Category: Pegg AP]] |
| [[Category: Structural genomic]]
| | [[Category: Studier FW]] |
| [[Category: Pegg, A P]] | |
| [[Category: Studier, F W]] | |
| [[Category: NYSGXRC, New York SGX Research Center for Structural Genomics]]
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| [[Category: PSI, Protein structure initiative]]
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| [[Category: Transferase]]
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