Erlotinib: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
* Importance: It is one of the best selling and most effective treatments for several types of cancer. It is an improved version of [[Iressa]]. | * Importance: It is one of the best selling and most effective treatments for several types of cancer. It is an improved version of [[Iressa]]. | ||
* See [[Pharmaceutical Drugs]] for more information about other drugs and disorders | * See [[Pharmaceutical Drugs]] for more information about other drugs and disorders | ||
* See also [[Journal:JBSD:26|Investigation on the Site-Selective Binding of Bovine Serum Albumin by Erlotinib Hydrochloride]] | |||
===Mechanism of Action=== | ===Mechanism of Action=== | ||
[[EGFR|Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors]] are overexpressed in many types of human [[Cancer|carcinomas]] including lung, pancreatic, and breast cancer, and are often mutated. This overexpression leads to excessive activation of the anti-apoptotic [[Ras]] signalling cascade, resulting in uncontrolled [[DNA_Replication|DNA synthesis]] and cell proliferation. Studies have revealed that the <scene name='Erlotinib/Kinase/1'>EGFR tyrosine kinase domain</scene> is responsible for activating this Ras signaling cascade. Upon binding ligands like Epidermal Growth Factor, EGFR dimerizes and autophosphorylates several tyrosine residues at its C-terminal domain. Upon phosphorylation, EGFR undergoes a conformational change, revealing an additional binding site capable of eliciting downstream activation of other signaling proteins.<ref>PMID:6090945</ref><ref>PMID:16729045</ref> Erlotinib inhibits the EGFR tyrosine kinase by <scene name='Erlotinib/Bound/1'>binding to the ATP-binding site</scene> located within the kinase domain. EGFR uses residues Asp 831, Lys 721, Thr 766, Leu 820, Gly 772, Phe 771, Leu 694, Pro 770, Met 769, Leu 768, Gln 767 & Ala 719 to tightly bind the inhibitor. Unable to bind ATP, EGFR is incapable of autophosphorylating its C-terminal tyrosines, and the uncontrolled cell-proliferation signal is terminated.<ref>PMID:15284455</ref><ref>PMID:11129168</ref> | [[EGFR|Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors]] are overexpressed in many types of human [[Cancer|carcinomas]] including lung, pancreatic, and breast cancer, and are often mutated. This overexpression leads to excessive activation of the anti-apoptotic [[Ras]] signalling cascade, resulting in uncontrolled [[DNA_Replication|DNA synthesis]] and cell proliferation. Studies have revealed that the <scene name='Erlotinib/Kinase/1'>EGFR tyrosine kinase domain</scene> is responsible for activating this Ras signaling cascade. Upon binding ligands like Epidermal Growth Factor, EGFR dimerizes and autophosphorylates several tyrosine residues at its C-terminal domain. Upon phosphorylation, EGFR undergoes a conformational change, revealing an additional binding site capable of eliciting downstream activation of other signaling proteins.<ref>PMID:6090945</ref><ref>PMID:16729045</ref> Erlotinib inhibits the EGFR tyrosine kinase by <scene name='Erlotinib/Bound/1'>binding to the ATP-binding site</scene> located within the kinase domain. EGFR uses residues Asp 831, Lys 721, Thr 766, Leu 820, Gly 772, Phe 771, Leu 694, Pro 770, Met 769, Leu 768, Gln 767 & Ala 719 to tightly bind the inhibitor. Unable to bind ATP, EGFR is incapable of autophosphorylating its C-terminal tyrosines, and the uncontrolled cell-proliferation signal is terminated.<ref>PMID:15284455</ref><ref>PMID:11129168</ref> | ||