Hexokinase: Difference between revisions
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G6P inhibits hexokinase by binding to the N-terminal domain(this is simple feedback inhibition). It competitively inhibits the binding of ATP [8]. If the cell is not using the G6P that it is making, then it stops making it. In this way, hexokinase can also slow down glycolysis. Hexokinase I is thought to be the "pacemaker" of glycolysis in brain tissue and red blood cells [4]. Inorganic phosphate allosterically relieves hexokinase of inhibition by G6P [8]. | G6P inhibits hexokinase by binding to the N-terminal domain(this is simple feedback inhibition). It competitively inhibits the binding of ATP [8]. If the cell is not using the G6P that it is making, then it stops making it. In this way, hexokinase can also slow down glycolysis. Hexokinase I is thought to be the "pacemaker" of glycolysis in brain tissue and red blood cells [4]. Inorganic phosphate allosterically relieves hexokinase of inhibition by G6P [8]. | ||
==3D structures of hexokinase== | |||
[[Hexokinase 3D structures]] | |||
</StructureSection> | </StructureSection> | ||
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*Hexokinase I | *Hexokinase I | ||
**[[1dgk]] – hHK I (mutant) + ADP + glucose – human<br /> | **[[1dgk]] – hHK I (mutant) + ADP + glucose – human<br /> | ||
**[[1cza]] - hHK I (mutant) + ADP + glucose-6-phosphate + glucose<br /> | **[[1cza]] - hHK I (mutant) + ADP + glucose-6-phosphate + glucose<br /> | ||
**[[1bg3]] - | **[[1bg3]] - raHK I + glucose-6-phosphate + glucose - rat<br /> | ||
**[[1qha]] – hHK I + AMP-PNP<br /> | **[[1qha]] – hHK I + AMP-PNP<br /> | ||
**[[1hkc]] - hHK I + phosphate + glucose<br /> | **[[1hkc]] - hHK I + phosphate + glucose<br /> | ||
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**[[4foi]] - hHK I (mutant) + glucose 1,6-bisphosphate + glucose<br /> | **[[4foi]] - hHK I (mutant) + glucose 1,6-bisphosphate + glucose<br /> | ||
**[[4fpb]] - hHK I + 1,5-anhydroglucitol-6-phosphate + glucose<br /> | **[[4fpb]] - hHK I + 1,5-anhydroglucitol-6-phosphate + glucose<br /> | ||
**[[4qs8]] - AtHK I – ''Arabidopsis thaliana''<br /> | |||
**[[4qs7]] - AtHK I + glucose <br /> | **[[4qs7]] - AtHK I + glucose <br /> | ||
**[[4qs9]] - AtHK I (mutant) + glucose <br /> | **[[4qs9]] - AtHK I (mutant) + glucose <br /> | ||
**[[3b8a]] – yHK I + glucose – yeast<br /> | |||
**[[1hkg]] – yHK I<br /> | |||
*Hexokinase II | *Hexokinase II or HK VI | ||
**[[2nzt]] – hHK II <br /> | **[[2nzt]] – hHK II <br /> | ||
**[[5hex]], [[5hfu]], [[5hg1]] - hHK II + inhibitor <br /> | **[[5hex]], [[5hfu]], [[5hg1]] - hHK II + inhibitor <br /> | ||
**[[6jj4]], [[5zqt]] - rHK II - rice <br /> | |||
**[[6jj7]] - rHK II + glucose <br /> | |||
**[[6jj8]] - rHK II + ATP<br /> | |||
**[[6jj9]] - rHK II + glucose + ATP<br />**[[1ig8]], [[2yhx]] – yHK II<br /> | |||
*Hexokinase III | *Hexokinase III | ||
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*''Hexokinase IV binary complex'' | *''Hexokinase IV binary complex'' | ||
**[[3idh]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + glucose<br /> | **[[3idh]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + glucose<br /> | ||
**[[3h1v]], [[3imx]], [[3a0i]], [[3goi]],[[1v4s]], [[3s41]], [[3vev]], [[3vf6]], [[4dch]], [[4dhy]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + synthetic activator<br /> | **[[3h1v]], [[3imx]], [[3a0i]], [[3goi]],[[1v4s]], [[3s41]], [[3vev]], [[3vf6]], [[4dch]], [[4dhy]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + synthetic activator<br /> | ||
**[[3fr0]], [[4l3q]], [[4ise]], [[4isf]], [[4isg]], [[4iwv]], [[4ixc]], [[4mlh]], [[4mle]], [[5v4w]], [[5v4x]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + activator<br /> | **[[3fr0]], [[4l3q]], [[4ise]], [[4isf]], [[4isg]], [[4iwv]], [[4ixc]], [[4mlh]], [[4mle]], [[5v4w]], [[5v4x]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + activator<br /> | ||
**[[1sz2]] - EcGK + glucose<br /> | |||
**[[3vgm]] - SgGK + glucose<br /> | |||
*''Hexokinase IV ternary complex'' | *''Hexokinase IV ternary complex'' | ||
**[[3vey]] - hGK + glucose + ATPgS<br /> | |||
**[[3id8]], [[3fgu]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + AMP-PNP + glucose<br /> | **[[3id8]], [[3fgu]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + AMP-PNP + glucose<br /> | ||
**[[3f9m]], [[4l3q]], [[4no7]], [[4rch]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + activator + glucose<br /> | **[[3f9m]], [[4l3q]], [[4no7]], [[4rch]] - hHK IV residues 12-465 + activator + glucose<br /> | ||
**[[4lc9]], [[3w0l]] – raGK + fructose-6-phosphate + GK regulator<br /> | |||
**[[2q2r]] - GK + glucose + ADP – ''Trypanosoma cruzi''<br /> | **[[2q2r]] - GK + glucose + ADP – ''Trypanosoma cruzi''<br /> | ||
**[[3vgl]] - SgGK + glucose + AMP-PNP<BR /> | **[[3vgl]] - SgGK + glucose + AMP-PNP<BR /> | ||
*ADP-dependent GK | *ADP-dependent GK | ||